Joshua D. Sosin

giving papers


Notice

Grad students: This page collects some advice and sample documents that you may find handy when it comes time to deliver a paper. None of this is prescriptive; rather, it is meant to give you an idea of (a) what to expect and (b) how I go about the process.


Give a Paper

Think before you jump

Writing a decent paper for presentation takes a lot of time. Weigh carefully whether you want to spend your time writing a presentation or an article. In my opinion--and, I think, that of many others--an article that appears in a peer-reviewed journal is worth far more than a paper presented to ... just about anyone, really.

Venue

I hear sometimes that an invited paper carries more weight (among administrators) than one that has undergone peer-review, i.e. one for which a presenter must first submit an abstract to a panel of reviewers. I do not know how true this is, or where, but in my opinion peer-review is almost always to be preferred.

Abstracts: take these seriously. An abstract--like the presentation itself--should present a puzzle to which you propose a solution; it should show engagement with the relevant scholarship and sufficient details to allow a reader to assess the strength of your argument. The following abstracts of mine were accepted for presentation at the APA in 1997 | 1998 | 2002 | 2005. They are imperfect, but were sufficient; you do better.

Writing

Reading and listening, writing and speaking, are different ballgames. It is in general a bad idea simply to edit down a written paper for oral presentation. Some arguments are better suited to written presentation. There are some things that an audience just cannot listen to.

In my opinion a paper should articulate a problem and propose to solve it. It should not simply "survey evidence", "raise questions", "discuss issues"; do these things in a seminar, for a workshop, around the lunch table. A paper should have a clear thesis and a straightforward argument in its support. Its goal is the same as that of a written article. Here is a paper that I delivered at the APA meeting in 2005.

Delivering

My wife once told me to practice delivering a paper as many times as it is minutes long; read a 20-minute paper 20 times. This advice has never failed me (though it is better suited to papers of 20 minutes than 50). You should be so familiar with your paper that you can read it without having to look at the page the whole time, so familiar with the argument that you can depart often from the precise wording without disrupting the flow, logic, rhetoric, or timing.

Tone, volume, and speed are your friends. Just as the writer is obliged to keep the reader interested and engaged with the argument through clear and compelling prose, so also the speaker must perform the words with the same goal in mind. This is not frivolous. Flat speech is as useless as bad prose. No one will want to listen if you sound bored, harried, vel sim.

Respect the time-limit. If you have 15 minutes, use 15. Never go over. An "hour-long" talk should, in my opinion, last no more than 50 minutes. Most audiences cannot endure more.
Handouts

A handout is a two-edged sword. If your audience is looking down and reading a piece of paper, it is not looking at you and hearing your argument. Use handouts only where they are necessary. Your argument should be so clear that a listener does not need a piece of paper in order to follow you. If you must use a handout I would urge you to restrict its length to one piece of paper.

Q&A

In many settings, the Q&A are as important as the talk. Try to imagine in advance the 10 hardest questions that someone in the audience might ask--not just so that you may be prepared to answer them, but because this often helps one to find weak spots in the argument and firm them up. Humility is fine, but be careful not to let this slide into self-deprecation. Tell the audience that you are dumb and it will conclude that you are dumb. Be confident enough in your argument that you can be confident in answering questions about it.

Publishing Published proceedings of private conferences seem to be growing in number. I would urge against publishing in such volumes until you have a good number of peer-reviewed publications to your name. It is my impression that such collections tend not to undergo the same rigorous peer-review that journal submissions do. If you have given a great paper at a conference devoted to kai in Pindar, why not publish a written version in a journal? Peer-review is your friend. More details on publishing.


 
 


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