Overview:
This lesson encourages children to become aware of what an injury is, how injuries occur and how they can prevent injuries to themselves and others.
Poster: Poster for Lesson 4 reinforces ideas with a story the kids can relate to!

Objectives:
1. Understand what a fire hazard is and how to recognize them
2. Give some example on causes of burns and how to treat them
3. Define suffocation and ways is can occur
4. Describe what guns are and give examples of way to avoid injuries with them
5. Describe ways to prevent injuries from falling
6. Know how to play safe around the water

Key Words:
Burn
Firearm
Injury
Poisons
Prevention
Suffocation

Discuss the Types of Injuries:

1. Fire

a. Explanation of why a fire is dangerous
i. Fires are fast, hot and dark!
b. Ways to prevent fires
i. Don't play with matches
ii. Keep flammable things away from heat sources
iii. Don't plug too many things into an electrical outlet
c. What to do in a fire
i. Know the evacuation route of the building you are in and follow it
* Go over evacuation route for that building
ii. Show a fire extinguisher and smoke detector
iii. Stop, Drop, Shout and Roll
* Have kids practice SDSR

2. Burns

a. Sunburn
i. Wear protective clothing, sunglasses and sunscreen to prevent sunburns
b. Electric Shock
i. A burn can happen from electricity as well as heat!
ii. Be careful around electrical outlets and do not unplug or plug in anything that is not dry. If something electrical falls into a sink get an adult and turn off the power before you try to unplug or touch it.
iii. Only plug proper plugs into outlets, not other objects.
c. Other Burns
i. Don't play around fireplaces, stoves, BBQ grills or heaters
ii. Gasoline is a flammable liquid and should not be played with or left around heat sources

3. Water Safety

a. Swimming
i. Never swim alone or without a lifeguard or an adult present
ii. If someone is drowning get help from an adult or reach a pole or a lifesaver to him or her. DO NOT jump in the water to try to save them!(reach or throw don't go!)
*Demonstrate a reach save
iii. If you are drowning remember to stay calm and yell for help
iv. Don't swim when you are tired
v. Walk around pool areas so you don't slip
vi. Jump feet first in areas where you cannot see the bottom!

b. Boat Safety
i. Always wear a life vest when in a boat.
ii. Everyone should have a seat, if there is no seat, don't go.
iii. Make sure there is an adult on the boat.

4. Suffocation

a. What is suffocation?
i. When something causes a person to become unable to breathe.
b. How can suffocation occur?
i. If a plastic bag covers a person's mouth or nose
ii. If someone is left inside an enclosed area like a refrigerator
iii. If something gets stuck in a person's throat and they choke
c. Ways to prevent suffocation
i. Don't play with plastic bags
ii. Don't go inside things that may shut you in like refrigerators
iii. Don't tie things around your neck
iv. Chew food slowly and completely
v. Review abdominal thrusts

5. Firearm Safety

a. Ask if the kids know the difference between play guns on TV and real guns.
b. Three rules to follow if you find a gun
i. Stop do not touch
ii. Get out of the room where the gun is
iii. Tell an adult
c. Guns are the fifth leading cause of accidental deaths in children

6. Falls

a. 72% of emergency room visits for playground accidents involve falls
b. Ask "How can you prevent falls in your home?
i. Pick up toys and put them away
ii. Keep stairs clear
iii. Don't run inside
iv. Don't climb on furniture
v. Be careful when getting in and out of the shower/bathtub
c. Ask "How can you prevent falls on the playground?"
i. Take turns
ii. Wear proper shoes
iii. Watch where you are going
iv. Tell an adult if playground equipment does not look safe

7. Playing Safely

a. When playing it is always important to remember to think about safety
b. Warm-up before you do major exercise to prevent injuries
c. Drink Plenty of water
d. Wear the right clothing
e. Stop playing if…
i. You feel weak or dizzy
ii. You feel a cramp
iii. You hear thunder or see lightening

8. Poisons

a. Poisons are things found indoors or outdoors which can cause a person to feel sick or to die when eaten, drunk, touched or inhaled.
b. Examples of Poisons
i. Pesticides
ii. Medicines
iii. Detergents
iv. Poison Oak/Ivy
v. Some Snakes
vi. Paint
vii. Motor Oil
viii. Kerosene
c. Signs someone has been poisoned
i. A rash
ii. Swelling
iii. Difficulty breathing
iv. Itchy watery eyes
v. Vomiting
vi. Runny Nose
d. Ways to prevent being poisoned
i. Only use cleaning materials in presence of an adult.
ii. Don't take medicine that isn't yours
iii. Wear protective clothing when hiking
iv. Wash your hands thoroughly after being outside in a garden, or around plants
e. What to do if you suspect someone has been poisoned
i. Stay calm
ii. Get help, let an adult know and call the Poison Control Center or 911 or the operator 0.
iii. If there is a container bring it so that the people who can help know what has happened
iv. Be prepared to say…
1. Who you are
2. What the problem is
3. Where and when it happened
4. How many people are involved