The Following is a set of brief outlines of current lectures:
-------------------------------------------------8/26/02
"Introductory Psychology"
The Course .... (the books, the lectures ...)
-web site
*your grade
*Research Participation Requirement
Integration and the assorted cookie box ...
> Our first experiment: Making sense of washing clothes
-integration in method
-integration in quest
-------------------------------------------------8/28/02
"About Our Nature"
The revelations of hysteria ...
Freud's Recognition of:
-the Unconscious
-internal forces
-developmental process
Theory of Id, Ego, Superego
-(the iceberg)
-to party or not to party
-------------------------------------------------8/30/02
"Data from the unconscious, revealed in:"
-associations
-dreams
-slips
-memory
-literature
Freud's Theory is Developmental
Criticisms and Significance
-Is it science?
-But importance in interaction of biology and experience:
-things unaware,
things motivational, development &
dynamic processes and emergent properties
-------------------------------------------------9/2/02
”Freud comes to America ...”
'Instincts' from Duke
-and the emergence of 'Trait' psychology
*issue of trait vs situation (“interaction”)
The analysis of Traits (Sheldon as simplified example)
-reliability & validity
Trait Constellations & Factor Analysis
Traits and Temperment
-consistency
-developmental studies of consistency
-twins (and correlations; see text appendix to
find out more about ‘correlation’)
-------------------------------------------------9/4/02
”Our Common wants, drives, desires ... “
The motive to Eat ... the motive to be thin
-a case: obesity
-a case: anorexia
Motivation as Basic Process (Biological needs)
-
Biological Concept:
>>feedback and servomechanism (homeostasis)
- Biological Basis (neural
systems?)
>>Our First Introduction to
the A.R.M. Brain model
>>hypothalamic
centers … initial data
-------------------------------------------------9/6/02
”Reconsideration of brain
centers”
-(VMH) for satiety ... metabolic issues primary
-(LH) for hunger ... pathways disrupted
“spaghetti and meatballs”
>> and importance of dopamine system (“red”)
for expression of behavior
=recreational drug effects
=Parkinsons Disease
-------------------------------------------------9/9/02
”Motivation as Push or Pull ?”
-“drive reduction”
-
“optimal levels of arousal”
Hedonism and Brain pleasure systems
>>
more on the role of dopamine ?
-rats
-people's reports parallel to Natasha K (Sacks)
Sources of Control (from biological to cultural)
-innate preferences, neophobia
-habituation
-“conditioning”
-social effects
>> recognizing our own biases (survey)
-------------------------------------------------9/11/02
(survey review)
- outline of divisions
- behavioral relevance
>> measuring our heart rate (parasympathetic state)
>> modulating our heart rate (sympathetic)
*significance of this direct control from thought
*danger from “positive” feedback
Interpretation of physiological state and behavior
in relation to emotion (James’ theory and the “bear”)
-------------------------------------------------9/13/02
Influence of ANS on emotional reaction (Schacter data)
(Psychotherapeutic Resources … see web link)
Types of therapists and orientation
-DSM – IV
and major categories of illness
>> Schizophrenia
=profound nature and characteristis
=clinical illustrations
(video)
-------------------------------------------------9/16/02
“Demons to Disease”
-Review of major
categories and examples
-Issues with classification
-------------------------------------------------9/18/02
”Models and Therapy …”
-diathesis: stress (ultimate: proximate)
Therapy
-approaches
=biological
=psychological
-effectiveness
-----------------------------------TEST 1------9/20/02
--------------------------------------------------9/23/02
”Fabulous Constructions”
Darwin & Natural Selection
- significance of Mechanism of Selection
- importance of Behavior
The Field of Ethology
-------------------------------------------------9/25/02
”Ethology and Species Specific Behavior”
(video examples)
- FAPs
>releasing stimuli (triggers; “click-whir”)
- imprinting
>critical
periods (window)
- attachment in monkeys
-------------------------------------------------9/27/02
”Attachment & Bonding (& Love?)”
Parental care (love?)
- ultimate and proximate explanation
-
experience and hormones in rodents
Male - Female bonding (love?)
- courtship & ritualization
Mating Systems
- evolutionary economics
- mate selection in humans (our data)
(to be continued … out of time)
------------------------------------------------- 9/30/02
Aggression & Violence
- Evolutionary Considerations
>maleness …
- Proximate Mechanisms
= testosterone
= serotonin
'Biological' not genetic, 'Biological' not pathology
-------------------------------------------------10/2/02
'Facilitated Communication' (documentary)
-experience in critical
thinking and analysis
-power of social process
-autism
-------------------------------------------------10/4/02
Evolution, Cultural and Social Context
- Social Cognition
Attitudes
>How to Change Attitudes
- esp.
cognitive dissonance
-------------------------------------------------10/7/02
>Stabilizing Attitudes
Making those first Impressions
Attribution
- the big bias and others
-------------------------------------------------10/9/02
Social Influence
- the Milgram Experiment
Understanding Conformity
Understanding Obediance
- the Stanford Prisoner Study
-----------------------------------TEST 2----10/11/02
-------------------------------------------------10/16/02
How to think about 'Learning'
-Types as “Event”
relationships
1. Single Event Learning
-sensitization (the gain)
>class EVENT!
-habituation (the contrast)
-------------------------------------------------10/18/02
2. Event-Event Learning
-Pavlovian Conditioning
"Ok... put your books
under your seat and
take out a piece of paper ..."
-Basic phenomena of learing
=acquisition
=forgetting
=extinction
=generalization
=2nd order conditioning
=the CR and relation to UR (Zener & Holland)
-------------------------------------------------10/21/02
- Pavlovian relevance !!
3. Response Event Learning
-Operant Conditioning
>Thorndike>Watson>Skinner
-Response selection and
the law of effect
-Similarity in basic
phenomena to Pavlovian
Conditioning
=acquisition
=extinction > recovery
=generalization, discriminative stimuli
=conditioned reinforcement (re: 2nd order conditioning)
=partial reinforcement effect
-Performance on schedules of reinforcement
-------------------------------------------------10/23/02
The mush that's your brain
...what Cajal saw
Visualizing and conceptualizing the brain
-from spinal cord/a little brain/its organization
- ... to mamallian neuroanatomy basics
-brain cells (neurons)
-------------------------------------------------10/25/02
The MPTP Story
-the importance of
neurons and neurotransmitters
(dopamine, Parkinsons disease, l-dopa, fetal
transplants)
-------------------------------------------------10/28/02
Conduction in the neuron (axon)
(from Galvani to the squid giant axon...)
-membranes, ions, pumps and resting potential
-depolarization, threshold, Action Potential (spike)
-conduction of the Action Potential and characteristics
Experiment measuring Conduction speed
-------------------------------------------------10/30/02
Transmission between neurons
Sherrington and the Synapse
=reflex as the unit
=inferring the synapse from
behavioral data
-some electrical recording
-Neurotransmission
=steps in sequence
=neurotransmitters
=sites for drug action
-Significance of the synapse in terms of biological
accessibility and vulnerability
-------------------------------------------------11/1/02
(a bit more on synapse)
Those Convolutions ...
(Functions of the Human Cortex)
-techniques for study (damage, stimulation, monitoring)
-Localization of Function, the concept ...
-Primary sensory & motor areas
(the meaning of "Association
areas" ...)
Functional deficits from cortical damage
--------------------------------------------------11/4/02
Functional deficits from cortical damage
- apraxias
- agnosias
Language deficits
=expressive and receptive aphasia
(Broca & Wernicke)
Introduction to Sensation & Perception
("the construction of your reality)
-outline of: transduction >> experiencing
Processing in sensory systems and the matter of
sensory coding
- adaptation
- contrast
- color
--------------------------------------------------11/6/02
Processing in sensory systems and the matter of
sensory coding
- adaptation
- contrast
- color
Perception
(Constructing realities ...)
- where things are (depth)
- what they're doing (movement)
- what they are
Bottom-up vs Top-down contributions to perception
-----------------------------------TEST 3----11/8/02
-------------------------------------------------11/11/02
How to investigate it
MNEMONICS
-relating new information to that which is already known
-organization
-Method of loci
MEMORY when broken
MEMORY when it works too well
MEMORY RETRIEVAL
>Recall
>Recognition
IMPLICIT vs EXPLICIT MEMORY
-Memory without awareness
-Priming
-False fame effect
-stimulus specific
-------------------------------------------------11/13/02
-Ebbinghaus’ curve and decay of traces
-Retroactive and Proactive Interference
-Foreign language forgetting over a long time period
-Permastore
FLASHBULB MEMORIES
WORKING MEMORY
-Storage capacity of working memory (7 + or – 2)
-memory span task
-Primacy
-Recency
-CHUNKING
-Maintenance rehearsal
>Anterograde Amnesia (à)
>Retrograde Amnesia (ß)
>patient H.M. and surgery
-------------------------------------------------11/15/02
-experimental comparisons of WorkingMem/LTM
-primacy vs recency
=Encoding/Storage Retrieval
-amnesia patient
5 techniques for enhancing
memory
-why they work, how they make use of use
of our understanding of memory processes
--------------------------------------------------11/18/02
-Representations
Analogical
Symbolic
-Cognition models
-networks
-PDP processing
-AI
-Solving Problems
… organization
… obstacles
= Stroop; experiment on the intrusion of automaticity
= Mental Set
… tricks for problem solving
-Making Decisions
--------------------------------------------------11/20/02
-Making Decisions (continued)
... processes and biases
… tricks for better decisions
(Where does
thinking come from)
Cognitive Development: Piaget
- 4 conceptual stages and descriptive evidence
Cognitive Development: other Perspectives
- problems with Piagetian details …
- stages vs continuities
- what’s going on during development
… memory issues
--------------------------------------------------11/22/02
=what’s really amazing …
5 Properties of language
… review of properties and examples covering
-phonemes and morphemes
-syntax vs sematics
-surface vs deep structure
--------------------------------------------------11/25/02
=intro with “Wild Child”
--------------------------------------------------11/27/02
(continued consideration of)
-stages
-unusual environments
-critical periods
PLUS èreview of a few topic concepts Before BREAK
--------------------------------------------------12/2/02
Issues of Intelligence
- IQ … what it is and how we use it
= reliability
= validity
But …
- many intelligences?
- and how we think about genes and environment
** within group vs between group difference
… understand significance
--------------------------------------------------12/4/02
-Duke’s (in)famous Dr. Rhine and parapsychology tasks
-failure to confirm in any instance of paranormal phenomenon
Video Clip of Henry Gleitman
Review of First 3 Segments for cumulative
Exam 5
============Test 4 & 5(opt) =====12/9/02 7pm