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There are 10 species in Europe, two of them geographically restricted (P.
cernua, P. hastata). The key works for fully developed plants. See
the notes.
| 1a | Seta
flexuouse to cygneous, capsule
erect, smooth, without peristome [hab.]
| | | 1b | Seta
straight, capsule
inclined, furrowed when dry, peristome developed (or plants without sporophytes) |
2 | | 2a | Upper
leaf cells 10-15 µm wide, lax, smooth or only weakly papillose in upper end.
Costa ends below acute to obtuse apex [hab.]
| | | 2b | Upper
leaf cells 4-11 µm wide, mostly thick-walled and papillose. Costa excurrent |
3 | | 3a
| Cells in all parts of leaf with papillae in upper
end. Leaf margin serrate with single teeth |
4 | | 3b
| Cells in lower part of leaves with papillae in lower
end, variable position or invisible. Leaf margin partly entire or double
teeth developed | 5
| | 4a |
Monoicous. Perichaetia gemmiform. Plants
densely tufted. Leaves
stiff, straight, narrowly lanceolate, 4-5times longer than wide. Flagels
with narrow base; [hab.]
| | | 4b | Dioicous.
Perichaetia disciform. Plants densely
to loosely tufted.
Leaves triangular,
straight to slightly twisted, 21 to 4times longer than wide. Flagels
with broad base; [hab.]
| | | 5a
| Papillae
inconspicuous or in variable position on cells. Stems
slender. Leaves less than 1(1,2)
mm long [hab.] |
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| 5b | Papillae
in lower cell end. Stems
medium-sized to robust. Leaves more than 1 mm long |
6 | | 6a | Leaves
straight or more often secund, costa strongly developed up to 20% of leaf width. |
7 | | 6b | Leaves
mostly straight; if secund, than with narrow costa up to 12% of leaf width |
8 | | 7a | Costa
yellow-brown or pale at base, leaves
not keeled. Cells
big and pale, 50-80 × 12-22 µm, papillae in lower cell end or inconspicuous in
broadest leaf part. Calciphile [hab.].
| | | 7b | Costa
brown-red at base, prominent, leaves
appear keeled. Cells
small and green, 15-35 × 8-12 µm, papillae
often shifted towards middle of cells. Acidic substrates in mountains [hab.]. |
| | 8a | Leaf
lamina plicate or flat, with broad base, suddenly narrowed; margin plane to broadly
recurved. Cells
25-50 × 9-16 µm [hab.]. | | | 8b | Leaf
lamina flat, from ovate base gradually narrowed; margin plane to narrowly recurved. |
9 | | 9a | Leaves
secund; from broadly ovate base shortly to longly acuminate. Cells
broader, 20-50(60) × 9-17 µm [hab.]. |
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| 9b | Leaves
straight; from narrowly ovate base longly acuminate. Cells
narrower, 25-40 × 6-10 µm [hab.]. |
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From B. Buryová, 2004, modified. <----
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