A Checklist of Virginia Lichens
Suggested citation:
Hodkinson, B. P., R. C. Harris, and M. A. Case. 2009. A Checklist of Virginia Lichens. Evansia 26(2): 64-88. http://www.duke.edu/~bph8/VirginiaLichens/checklist.html [updated: 05 January 2010].
Download original publication (PDF file)
Brendan
P. Hodkinson*
*Corresponding author; Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708; email: bph8@duke.edu
Richard
C. Harris
Institute of Systematic Botany, New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York 10458
Martha A. Case
Biology Department, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187
Abstract. A list of 603 taxa of
lichen-forming, lichenicolous, and allied fungi has been compiled exclusively
from specimens examined and verified by the authors or associated specialists.
This list contains 195 potential state records for Virginia, and three species
that have not previously been reported from North America: Arthonia anglica Coppins,
Calvitimela talayana (Haugan &
Timdal) Andreev, and Sphaerellothecium coniodes (Nyl.) Cl. Roux & Diederich.
INTRODUCTION
Although the lichen flora of Virginia as a whole is understudied,
scattered reports of lichen-forming, lichenicolous, and allied fungal taxa have appeared in a variety of
sources over the years (e.g., Ahti &
Hyvönen 1985, Allard 1939, 1940, 1957, Allard & Leonard 1944a, 1944b,
Alstrup 1991, Amtoft 2002, Amtoft et al. 2008, Blake 1957, Bowler & Rundel
1974, Brodo 1984, Brodo et al. 2001, Clerc & Herrera-Campos 1997, Culberson
1965a, 1965b, Culberson & Culberson 1968, 1978, Culberson & Hale 1965,
Degelius 1974, Dey 1978, Dibben 1980, Eckfeldt 1894, Egan et al. 2005, Ekman
1996, Fahselt 1976, Fink 1935, Fleming & Coulling 2001, Forman & Sierk 1970,
Fryday 2008, Gowan 1989, Gronovius 1739, Hafellner 1979, 2001, Hale 1970, 1971,
1972, 1974, 1975, Hale & Kurokawa 1964, Harris 1979, 1992, Harris &
Ladd 2008, Heidmarsson 2003, Hinds 1998, Hodkinson
2005, 2010, Hodkinson & Case 2008, Hodkinson & Lendemer in review, Hodkinson & Lutzoni
2009, Imshaug 1951, Jørgensen 2000, Kärnefelt
1979, Knudsen 2006, Kurokawa 2001, Lawrey 1980, 1981, 1984, 1991,
1993, Lawrey & Hale 1981, 1988, Lendemer 2009, Lendemer
et al. in press, Lendemer & Hodkinson 2009a, 2009b, in press, Lindblom
1997, 2006, Llano 1950, Luttrell 1954, Patterson 1940, 1941, Schwartzman et al. 1987, Sheard
1974, Slaughter 1977, Thomson
1950, 1963, Timdal 1986, Wetmore 1983, 2004). However, the
reliability of some specimen reports cannot always be confirmed, and taxonomic
changes have rendered others obsolete or intractable without examination of
voucher material. The goal of this project
is to compile a verified specimen-based checklist of
lichen-forming, lichenicolous, and allied fungi for the state of
Virginia.
METHODS
This checklist was compiled primarily from voucher
specimens identified or verified by the authors (BPH and RCH). The core
collection for the list was comprised of specimens held by the New York
Botanical Garden (NY), Duke University (DUKE), the National Museum of Natural
History at the Smithsonian (US), and Shenandoah National Park (Shen.;
note: all specimens stored at this location were collected within the park).
Selected
specimens from the available reports cited above and several
online databases (e.g., ASU, HERBESS, NPLICHEN, OSC, SBBG, and SMNH)
were also examined. On a few rare occasions,
specimens were examined only by outside experts; these instances are clearly noted
in the checklist. The names
used in this publication generally follow accepted taxonomy and nomenclature
(Esslinger 2009) with occasional deviations due to corrections or authors'
personal preferences.
RESULTS
AND DISCUSSION
Over 600 taxa were verified from herbarium
collections. A literature review indicated that 195 of these taxa were
not previously reported or mapped in the state of Virginia (even under their nomenclatural
synonyms). Notably, this total does not include the 52
state records recently reported by Hodkinson & Case (2008). Three of
the records reported here represent species new to North America
at the time of initial publication (i.e., June 2009). Arthonia
anglica Coppins has previously been treated
as Arthonia dryadum R.C. Harris
& Ladd ined. (2005), but has been found to be indistinguishable from
European material (for a full report of this taxon in North America, see
Lendemer et al.; in press). Calvitimela talayana (Haugan & Timdal) Andreev was collected and
recorded as part of the Shenandoah National Park Rock Outcrop Management
Project, but its existence in North America has been verified and is formally
published here; for a complete treatment of this species in North America, see
Brodo (2009). Entirely unreported from the continent is the lichenicolous
fungus Sphaerellothecium coniodes
(Nyl.) Cl. Roux & Diederich, a taxon that is presumably not known from any
other collections outside of Europe (Ihlen 1998). A more detailed discussion of
this S. coniodes record and the locality at which it was collected is
provided by Hodkinson (2010). These records likely reflect the paucity of lichen
floristic studies. As more specimens are examined and taxa are added to the
list, updates will be posted here
[http://www.duke.edu/~bph8/VirginiaLichens/], and
a partial dynamic checklist (generated from selected herbarium specimens
that have been verified and databased at NY) will be accessible at
http://sciweb.nybg.org/Science2/hcol/lena/index.asp.
Drastic differences can be seen in the number of species collected in the Mountains (509) versus each of the other physiographic provinces in the state of Virginia (209 in the Coastal Plain and 165 in the Piedmont). The Mountains of Virginia have previously been shown to represent a hotspot of biodiversity for the world (Stein et al. 2000), and a good deal of undiscovered lichen diversity likely remains in this region. However, collection bias surely accounts for some degree of the discrepancy between provinces. Natural vegetation is much scarcer in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont, where most of the land could be considered urban, suburban, or agricultural. This difference in land use has caused collectors to conduct the vast majority of field work in the Mountains. The results of this study highlight the need for more serious collecting in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont of Virginia.
________________________________________________________________________
Figure 1. Virginia’s physiographic provinces as defined in this publication. Cited specimens are listed according to whether they were collected in the Coastal Plain (C), Piedmont (P), or Mountains (M) of Virginia. [Image adapted from http://www.wm.edu/geology/virginia/.]
________________________________________________________________________
While herbarium
specimens, and not literature citations, were considered to be the standard for
the inclusion of taxa in the Virginia lichen list, a single instance of a
potentially misleading set of specimens must be addressed. The label data for Teloschistes exilis
(Michaux) Vainio, specimen #91 in the exsiccata "Reliquiae Tuckermaniae,"
states that it was collected in Alexandria, "Virginia" by Dr. Hale. The
collections that Dr. Josiah Hale sent to Dr. Edward Tuckerman (i.e., the
specimens that were eventually included in "Reliquiae Tuckermaniae") were
primarily from Alexandria, Louisiana (Tucker 1979), where one would expect to
find T. exilis. It seems likely that
someone misread "LA" as "VA," and created this error that can now be found in
numerous herbaria. The specimen is even used as the basis for the inclusion of
the Alexandria, Virginia, area on the species' range map by Brodo et al. (2001;
I. Brodo, pers. comm.). Assuming that this is an error, T. exilis is excluded from the list published here.
CHECKLIST
The following
checklist of lichen-forming, lichenicolous, and allied fungi has been compiled
exclusively from voucher specimens examined by the authors or specialists
associated with the present study. Cited specimens are listed according to the
physiographic provinces in which they were collected (C – Coastal Plain;
P – Piedmont; M – Mountains; Fig. 1). Two projects for which
specimens are not credited to the individual collectors are the Forest Health
Management Project (collections credited to FHM) and the Shenandoah National
Park Rock Outcrop Management Project (collections credited to 'SNP;' specimens
housed at Shenandoah National Park). Samples of unidentified species are
included only when they represent otherwise unknown genera in Virginia. Several
specimens examined yielded difficult and potentially problematic
determinations; these are included with a question mark (?). Lichenicolous fungi
are designated by an asterisk (*), while lichen allies are marked with a dagger
(†). Taxa that are potentially new to Virginia (i.e., for which no
other report for the state has been seen) are indicated by a double cross (‡).
________________________________________________________________________
Abrothallus
hypotrachynae Etayo & Diederich*‡
– M: Harris 54076 (on Hypotrachyna
showmanii; NY)
Acarospora
badiofusca (Nyl.) Th. Fr.‡
– P: Guccion 1083 (NY)
Acarospora
fuscata (Schrader) Arnold – C: Hodkinson 2599 (DUKE); M: Harris 26918 (NY), 36708 (NY), SNP 68, 71, 87, 97, 174
Acarospora glaucocarpa
(Ach.) Körber – M: Hubricht B388
(US), B408 (US)
Acarospora obpallens (Nyl. ex Hasse) Zahlbr. –
M: Ihrman
7422 (Shen.)
Acarospora
umbilicata Bagl. ?‡ – M: Flenniken 1466 (NY)
Agonimia
opuntiella (Buschardt & Poelt) Vĕzda‡
– M: Guccion 1053 (NY),
1388 (Guccion, pers. herb.)
Ahtiana aurescens (Tuck.)
Thell & Randlane – M: Culberson
11429 (DUKE), 11329 (DUKE), Hale
12924 (DUKE)
Alectoria fallacina Mot. – M: Dey 5627 (DUKE)
Allocetraria
oakesiana (Tuck.) Randlane & Thell
– M: Reed 67471 (NY), 62279
(NY), Hale 12419 (US)
Amandinea milliaria (Tuck.)
P. May & Sheard – C: Hodkinson 1341 (DUKE), 2727 (NY)
Amandinea
polyspora (Willey) E. Lay & P. May
– C: Hodkinson 335 (DUKE),
353 (NY); P: Guccion 1084 (NY); M:
Anderson 08June1936 (NY)
Amandinea punctata (Hoffm.)
Coppins & Scheid. – C: Hodkinson
309 (DUKE), 1347 (NY), 3259 (DUKE); M: Harris 26861B (NY), 36684 (NY)
Amandinea
submontana Marbach – C: Hodkinson 3782 (DUKE)
Anaptychia
palmulata (Michx.) Vainio – C: Hodkinson 2317 (DUKE), Wiseman 197 (DUKE); P: Hodkinson 5022 (DUKE), 5023 (DUKE),
Hale 14610 (DUKE); M: Dey 5692 (DUKE), 5711 (DUKE), Harris 36629 (NY), Buck 20702 (NY)
Anisomeridium biforme (Borrer) R. C. Harris‡ – M: Buck 28406 (NY)
Anisomeridium distans (Willey) R. C. Harris‡ – M: Buck 28349 (NY)
Anisomeridium
polypori (Ellis & Everh.) M. E. Barr
– P: Guccion 1085 (NY); M: Harris 36692 (NY), Buck 36977 (NY), Lendemer 3802 (NY), 3796 (NY), Brodo 9382 (DUKE)
Anzia colpodes (Ach.)
Stizenb. – C: Luttrell 1692 (US);
P: Reed 58836 (NY), 63113 (NY), Hale 14609 (DUKE); M: Reed 66901 (NY), Culberson 11416 (DUKE), 11356 (DUKE)
Arctoparmelia centrifuga (L.) Hale‡ – M: SNP 39
Arthonia
anglica Coppins [= Arthonia dryadum R.C. Harris & Ladd ined.]‡ – M: Perlmutter 1350 (NCU)
Arthonia caesia (Flotow)
Körber – C: Hodkinson 367 (DUKE);
M: Buck 36979 (NY)
Arthonia lapidicola (Taylor)
Branth & Rostrup ?‡ – M: Hodkinson 9341 (NY)
Arthonia quintaria Nyl. – C: Hodkinson 2191 (DUKE), 2456 (NY); M: Hodkinson 9249 (NY)
Arthonia rubella (Fée) Nyl. – C: Hodkinson 947 (DUKE)
Arthothelium
spectabile A. Massal. – M: Harris 36694 (NY), Hodkinson 9202 (in a mixed collection labeled as 'Pertusaria
velata UV+;' NY)
Arthothelium
taediosum auct. Amer. – C: Hodkinson 4171 (DUKE); M: Hodkinson 9007 (Hodkinson, pers. herb.), Small 25July1892 (NY)
Aspicilia caesiocinerea (Nyl. ex Malbr.) Arnold‡ – P: Harris 36659 (NY); M: Anderson _June1936 (NY)
Aspicilia
cinerea (L.) Körber – P: Guccion
1086 (NY); M: Harris 12930 (NY), SNP 2, 5, 34, 65, 68, 70, 71, 75, 94, 145, 169
Aspicilia
laevata (Ach.) Arnold‡ –
M: Buck 36966 (NY)
Aspicilia
verrucigera Hue‡ – M:
Anderson 29June1935 (NY)
Bacidia
coprodes (Körber) Lettau – C: Hodkinson 3274 (NY), 4020 (DUKE); M: Hodkinson 9253 (NY)
Bacidia
helicospora S. Ekman – C: Hodkinson
3771 (DUKE)
Bacidia heterochroa (Müll. Arg.) Zahlbr. – C: Hodkinson 324 (DUKE), Reed 63970 (NY); M: Harris 36630 (NY)
Bacidia rubella (Hoffm.) A. Massal. – M: Harris 9941 (MIN)
Bacidia schweinitzii (Fr. ex E. Michener) A. Schneider –
C: Hodkinson 1867
(NY), 2415 (DUKE), Reed 60641 (NY); P: Reed 127742 (NY), Culberson 6735
(DUKE); M: Lendemer
3829 (NY), Culberson 6735 (DUKE), 11199 (DUKE)
Bacidia
suffusa (Fr.) A. Schneider – C: Hodkinson
1463 (DUKE); P: Reed 74137 (NY); M: Perlmutter 1354 (NCU)
Bacidina
delicata (Leight.) V. Wirth &
Vězda ?‡ – M: Buck 53399 (NY)
Bacidina egenula (Nyl.) Vězda – C: Hodkinson 1998 (DUKE); M: Hodkinson 9117 (NY)
Baeomyces rufus (Hudson)
Rebent. – M: Buck 53348 (in a
mixed collection labeled as Sphaerellothecium coniodes (Nyl.) Cl. Roux & Diederich; NY)
Bagliettoa baldensis (A. Massal.) Vězda‡ – M: van Ingen _March1920 (NY)
Bathelium
carolinianum (Tuck.) R. C. Harris –
C: Hodkinson 423 (DUKE)
Biatora
appalachensis Printzen & Tønsberg‡
– M: Harris 54023 (NY)
Biatora
longispora (Degel.) Lendemer & Printzen‡
– M: Buck 20659 (NY), 20686
(NY)
Biatora
printzenii Tønsberg‡ – M: Harris
12892 (NY)
Biatora
vernalis (L.) Fr.‡ – M: Buck 53372 (NY)
Bilimbia
sabuletorum (Schreber) Arnold – M: Buck 28413 (NY), Harris 12945 (NY), 12962 (NY), Hodkinson 9275 (DUKE)
Botryolepraria
lesdainii (Hue)
Canals et al.‡
– M : Perlmutter 1368 (NCU)
Bryoria furcellata (Fr.)
Brodo & D. Hawksw. – M: Buck 28353
(NY), Culberson 11198 (DUKE),
20123 (DUKE), Hodkinson 8957 (NY),
Reed 68927 (NY)
Buellia
curtisii (Tuck.) Imshaug – C: Hodkinson 303 (DUKE), 388 (DUKE), 1352 (NY), Reed 118118 (NY), Anderson _June1936 (NY); P: Reed
59121 (NY); M: Harris 36628 (NY)
Buellia
dialyta (Nyl.) Tuck.‡ – M:
Harris 36779 (NY)
Buellia
elizae (Tuck.) Tuck. – C: Tuckerman _1854 (Holotype/Lectotype?; F)
Buellia spuria (Schaerer)
Anzi – M: Luttrell 2896 (US)
Buellia
stellulata (Taylor) Mudd‡
– M: SNP 60, 75, 266
Buellia stillingiana J.
Steiner – C: Hodkinson 947 (DUKE),
Reed 46158 (NY); P: Reed 59792 (NY); M: Harris 26894 (NY), Hodkinson 9196 (DUKE)
Buellia
vernicoma (Tuck.) Tuck.‡ –
M: Anderson 09June1936 (NY)
Buellia
wheeleri R.C. Harris‡ (for more
information on this taxon's distribution, see Lendemer & Hodkinson 2009a) –
C: Hodkinson 10239 (NY)
Bulbothrix
confoederata (Culb.) Hale – P: Reed 59656 (NY)
Calicium
abietinum Pers.‡ – M: Guccion 1054 (NY)
Calicium
glaucellum Ach.‡ – M: Harris 10659 (NY), Buck 20685 (NY)
Caloplaca
camptidia (Tuck.) Zahlbr.‡
– P: Reed 62735 (NY)
Caloplaca cerina (Hedwig)
Th. Fr. – M: Anderson _June1936
(NY)
Caloplaca chrysophthalma Degel. – M: Harris 36764 (NY), Guccion 1055 (NY)
Caloplaca citrina (Hoffm.) Th. Fr. – M: Harris
12866 (NY)
Caloplaca crenulatella (Nyl.) H. Olivier‡ – M: Harris 10678 (NY), Hodkinson
9142 (NY)
Caloplaca flavocitrina (Nyl.)
H. Olivier‡ – C: Hodkinson 1026 (originally reported as "Caloplaca citrina (Hoffm.) Th. Fr."
by Hodkinson & Case, 2008; NY)
Caloplaca flavovirescens (Wulfen) Dalla Torre &
Sarnth. – C: Hodkinson 2331 (DUKE); M: Buck 2063 (NY), Harris 26967 (NY)
Caloplaca
microphyllina (Tuck.) Hasse – M:
Anderson _June1936 (NY), Culberson 11285 (DUKE)
Caloplaca
oxfordensis Fink‡ – M: Ihrman 1463 (Shen.)
Caloplaca subsoluta (Nyl.) Zahlbr. – C: Hodkinson 1023 (DUKE), 1024 (DUKE), 1025
(NY); P: Guccion 1056 (NY), 1057 (NY); M: Ihrman 1582 (Shen.)
Calvitimela
talayana (Haugan & Timdal) Andreev‡
– M: SNP 343
Candelaria concolor (Dickson) Stein – C: Hodkinson 304 (NY), 1918 (DUKE); P: Guccion 1087 (NY), Hodkinson 10266 (fertile; Hodkinson, pers. herb.); M: Hale 14605 (DUKE), Culberson 10109 (DUKE), 11295 (DUKE)
Candelaria
fibrosa (Fr.) Müll. Arg. – P: Williams 326 (DUKE); M: Culberson 11166 (DUKE)
Candelariella efflorescens
R.C. Harris & Buck – Guccion 1349 (fertile; det.
Guccion, not seen; Guccion, pers. herb.).
Candelariella vitellina (Hoffm.) Müll. Arg.‡ – P: Guccion 1058 (NY); M: Lehnert s.n. (US)
Candelariella
xanthostigma (Ach.) Lettau‡
– M: Guccion 1059 (NY)
Candelariella xanthostigmoides
(Müll. Arg.) R.W. Rogers (previously reported here as 'Candelariella
reflexa (Nyl.) Lettau') – C:
Hodkinson 88 (NY), 307 (DUKE), 805 (DUKE); P: Hodkinson 10252 (Hodkinson, pers. herb.); M: Harris 54026 (NY)
Canoparmelia caroliniana (Nyl.)
Elix & Hale – C: Hodkinson 830 (DUKE), Reed 61403 (NY); P: Reed 59212 (NY); M: Seymour 25July1891 (NY), Hale 83 (DUKE)
Canoparmelia
crozalsiana (de Lesd. ex Harm.) Elix &
Hale – C: Hodkinson 289 (DUKE), 525, FHM 3707732-7 (DUKE); P: Hodkinson 5020 (DUKE)
Canoparmelia
texana (Tuck.) Elix & Hale – C: Hodkinson 505 (NY), 2639 (DUKE); P: FHM 3607862-1 (DUKE)
Catillaria
nigroclavata (Nyl.) Schuler‡
– M: Harris 26877A (NY)
Cercidospora sp.*‡ – M: SNP 176 (on Rhizoplaca subdiscrepans)
Cetradonia linearis (Evans) J.-C. Wei & Ahti‡
– M: Wieboldt
9385 (VPI)
Cetraria arenaria Kärnef.
– M: Luttrell 3245 (DUKE), Allard 3908 (US), 4665a (US)
Cetrelia
chicitae (Culb.) W. L. Culb. & C. Culb.
– M: Buck 28338 (NY); Culberson 11423 (DUKE), Hale 78 (DUKE), Harris 36727 (NY), Lendemer 4473 (NY)
Cetrelia
monachorum (Zahlbr.) W. L. Culb & C.
Culb. – M: Dey 5645 (DUKE),
5665 (DUKE), 5691 (DUKE), 5716 (DUKE), 5725 (DUKE)
Cetrelia
olivetorum (Nyl.) W. L. Culb. & C.
Culb. – M: Culberson 11180
(DUKE), 11238 (DUKE), 17375 (DUKE), Harris 36755 (NY), Reed 129134
(NY)
Chaenotheca
ferruginea (Turner ex Sm.) Mig.‡
– M: Buck 28355 (NY), 20708
(NY)
Chaenotheca
furfuracea (L.) Tibell‡ –
M: Hodkinson 9050 (DUKE)
Chaenotheca
trichialis (Ach.) Th. Fr.‡
– M: Buck 28340 (NY), 28405
(NY)
Chaenothecopsis
debilis (Turner & Borrer ex Sm.) Tibell†‡
– M: Lendemer 3825 (PH)
Chaenothecopsis
pusilla (Ach.) A. F. W. Schmidt†‡
– M: Buck 2089 (NY)
Chrysothrix
onokoensis (Wolle) R.C. Harris & Ladd‡
– M: Slaughter _1975-76 (EIU)
Chrysothrix xanthina (Vain.) Kalb – C: Hodkinson 3257 (DUKE); P: Hodkinson
10247 (Hodkinson, pers.
herb.); M: Guccion 1060 (NY)
Cladonia apodocarpa Robbins – C: Hodkinson 1946 (DUKE), Torrey _Feb1937
(NY); P: Guccion 1088 (NY), Luttrell
3056 (US); M: Harris 12862 (NY), Buck 36959 (NY)
Cladonia arbuscula (Wallr.)
Flotow – M: Culberson 11340 (DUKE)
Cladonia
atlantica A. Evans‡ – C: Reed
128998 (NY), Torrey _Jan1937 (NY), _1937 (NY); P: Gray 925 (US), 959 (US)
Cladonia beaumontii (Tuck.)
Vainio ? – C: Hodkinson
527 (DUKE)
Cladonia caespiticia
(Pers.)
Flörke – C: Hodkinson 1628 (NY), 2234 (DUKE); P: Guccion 1089 (NY), Killip
6534 (US); M: Harris 10660 (NY), 26935
(NY), Culberson 11219 (DUKE)
Cladonia cariosa (Ach.)
Sprengel – P: Reed 59109 (NY)
Cladonia caroliniana Tuck. – P: Reed 103238 (lacking squamatic acid; NY), Luttrell 2231 (US); M: Luttrell 2423 (US)
Cladonia chlorophaea
(Flörke ex Sommerf.) Sprengel – M: Harris 36736 (NY)
Cladonia
coccifera (L.) Willd. – M:
SNP 30, 115
Cladonia coniocraea (Flörke) Sprengel – C: Torrey _1937 (NY); M: Murrill 491 (NY)
Cladonia
crispata (Ach.) Flotow – M: Anderson
_1937 (thamnolic acid chemotype; NY), Slaughter _1975-76 (squamatic acid chemotype; EIU)
Cladonia cristatella Tuck. – C: Hodkinson 87 (NY), 639 (DUKE), 1839 (DUKE);
P: Allard 10514 (NY), Hale 15112 (DUKE), Hodkinson 5005 (DUKE), 5033 (DUKE);
M: Buck 36967 (NY), Dey 5578 (DUKE), Culberson 11379 (DUKE)
Cladonia
cryptochlorophaea Asahina‡
– P: Hodkinson 5018 (DUKE), Reed 60367 (NY); M: SNP 122, Leeming 04June1892 (NY)
Cladonia
cylindrica (A. Evans) A. Evans – C: Reed 139827 (NY); P: Hodkinson 10240 (NY), 11201 (DUKE); M: Harris 36777 (NY)
Cladonia didyma (Fée)
Vainio var. didyma – C: Torrey _Feb1937 (NY); M: Seymour 01Aug1891 (NY)
Cladonia
didyma var. vulcanica (Zoll. & Moritzi) Vainio – C: Hodkinson
1005 (DUKE), 2187; M: Reed 111567
(NY), Harris 27236 (NY), 36721
(NY)
Cladonia digitata
(L.) Hoffm. – M: Dey 5555 (DUKE),
5652 (DUKE)
Cladonia dimorphoclada
Robbins – C: Torrey _1937 (NY); M:
Tucker 17796 (NY)
Cladonia farinacea
(Vainio) A. Evans – C: Luttrell
3585 (US), Torrey _1937 (US)
Cladonia fimbriata
(L.) Fr. – M: Anderson _June1936
(NY), Culberson 19160 (DUKE)
Cladonia floerkeana
(Fr.) Flörke – M: Dey 5607A (DUKE)
Cladonia floridana Vainio – C: Luttrell 2054 (US)
Cladonia
furcata (Hudson) Schrader – M: Buck 36951 (NY), Harris 36715 (NY), Culberson 20581 (DUKE)
Cladonia grayi G. Merr. ex Sandst. – C:
Hodkinson 534 (NY), 653 (DUKE), 688 (DUKE), Reed 60703 (no fumarprotocetraric acid; NY), 62595 (no
fumarprotocetraric acid; NY), 66144 (NY); P: Reed 63136 (no fumarprotocetraric acid; NY), 68306 (fumarprotocetraric acid chemotype;
NY), 84200 (fumarprotocetraric acid chemotype; NY); M: Harris 26927 (NY), 26885 (NY), SNP 186, Culberson 19642 (DUKE)
Cladonia incrassata Flörke
– M: Harris 26964 (NY), 36685
(NY), Dey 5681 (DUKE)
Cladonia
innominata Lendemer‡ – P: Reed 138220 (NY); M: Culberson 19161 (DUKE), 19162 (DUKE)
Cladonia leporina Fr.
– C: Irwin & Payne 37252A (NY), Walton 17April2002 (NY)
Cladonia macilenta Hoffm.
var. macilenta – P: Guccion 1090 (NY); M: SNP 254
Cladonia
macilenta var. bacillaris (Genth) Schaerer – C: Hodkinson 610 (DUKE), 1300 (NY), 1324
(DUKE), Anderson _June1936 (NY), Torrey _1937 (NY); P: Guccion 1091 (NY), Luttrell 1674 (US); M: Harris 26851 (NY), 36670 (NY)
Cladonia mateocyatha Robbins
– C: Hodkinson 529 (DUKE); P: Luttrell 2996 (US), Reed 59731 (NY); M: Guccion
1092 (NY)
Cladonia merochlorophaea Asahina‡ – M: Dey
5638 (DUKE)
Cladonia ochrochlora Flörke – C: Hodkinson 2245 (DUKE), 2258 (NY), Reed
59046 (NY); P: Hodkinson 5009 (DUKE), Reed 63129 (NY); M: Reed 83277 (NY)
Cladonia parasitica (Hoffm.)
Hoffm. – C: Hodkinson 1290 (DUKE); P: Guccion 1093 (NY); M: Culberson 11489 (DUKE), Dey 5635 (DUKE)
Cladonia perlomera Kristinsson‡ – P: Reed 59630 (NY)
Cladonia petrophila R. C. Harris – M: Harris 12928 (NY), SNP 73
Cladonia peziziformis (With.) J. R. Laundon – C: Hodkinson
425 (NY), 1283 (DUKE), Teller & Cummings 22Dec1892 (DUKE); P: Hodkinson 5006 (DUKE), Guccion 1094 (NY);
M: Buck 36961 (NY)
Cladonia
piedmontensis G. Merr. –
C: Hodkinson 644 (NY), 679 (DUKE); P: Gray _Feb1928 (NY); M: Allard 6196 (NY), 4275 (NY)
Cladonia
pleurota (Flörke) Schaerer – P: Murrill
500 (NY); M: Harris 26883 (NY)
Cladonia polycarpia G. Merr. [chemotypes of Cladonia subcariosa are maintained as separate species in this list]
– C: Torrey _Jan1937 (NY)
Cladonia polycarpoides Nyl.
[chemotypes of Cladonia subcariosa are
maintained as separate species in this list] – C: Hodkinson 646 (DUKE), 649 (NY), 1314
(DUKE), 2291 (DUKE), Reed 111552 (NY); P: Hodkinson 5016 (DUKE), Reed 63075 (NY); M: Reed 106169
(NY)
Cladonia pyxidata (L.)
Hoffm. – P: Killip 6539b (US); M: Guccion
1095 (NY)
Cladonia ramulosa (With.) J.
R. Laundon – C: Hodkinson 484 (NY),
2080 (DUKE); M: SNP
231
Cladonia rangiferina (L.) F.
H. Wigg. – P: Allard 5914 (NY); M:
Allard 4663 (NY)
Cladonia rappii A. Evans
– C: Torrey _Jan1937 (NY),
_Feb1937 (NY); M: Anderson _1937
(NY)
Cladonia
ravenelii Tuck. – C: Hodkinson 566 (NY), 1536 (DUKE), Reed 79295
(NY); P: Hodkinson 6135 (DUKE), Dirig 3060 (NY)
Cladonia rei Schaerer – C: Hodkinson 492 (DUKE), 1739 (NY), 2077
(DUKE; Hodkinson
specimens originally reported as "Cladonia subulata (L.) F. H. Wigg." by Hodkinson & Case,
2008); M: Harris 26851A (NY), Culberson 19643 (DUKE)
Cladonia robbinsii A. Evans
– P: Cooke 16951 (DUKE), Reed 78222 (NY); M: Reed 75675 (NY)
Cladonia
scabriuscula (Delise) Nyl.‡
– C: Torrey _Jan1937 (NY)
Cladonia sobolescens Nyl. ex
Vainio [chemotypes of Cladonia subcariosa
are maintained as separate species in this list] – C: Hodkinson 561 (DUKE), Torrey _Jan1937
(NY), _Feb1937 (NY); P: Torrey
_Feb1937 (NY); M: Allard 6429
(NY)
Cladonia squamosa Hoffm.
– C: Hodkinson 728 (NY), 1322 (DUKE), 1489 (DUKE); P: Guccion 1096 (NY); M: Harris 36705 (NY), 36773 (NY), SNP 222
Cladonia strepsilis (Ach.)
Grognot – C: Hodkinson 1323 (DUKE), Torrey _1937 (NY), _Feb1937 (NY); P: Torrey _1937 (NY); M: Anderson _June1936 (NY)
Cladonia stygia (Fr.)
Ruoss – M: Ahti 42111 (H; det. Ahti, not seen), 42212 (H, US; det. Ahti,
not seen)
Cladonia subradiata (Vainio)
Sandst. – C: Hodkinson 1775 (DUKE); P: Miller 315 (NY)
Cladonia subtenuis (Abbayes)
Mattick – C: Hodkinson 635 (NY),
1984 (DUKE), 2137 (DUKE), Worthley & Guerke 08June1968 (NY); P: Hodkinson 5014 (DUKE), Reed 63131 (NY); M: Allard 4475 (NY), SNP 104, 227
Cladonia uncialis (L.) F. H.
Wigg. – M: Allard 10655 (NY), 6033
(NY), 18213 (NY), SNP 55, 229
Cladonia verticillata
(Hoffm.) Schaerer – C: Torrey
_Feb1937 (NY); P: Allard 6011
(NY); M: Allard 3896 (NY), Culberson 11378 (DUKE)
Coccocarpia erythroxyli (Sprengel)
Swinscow & Krog – M: Anderson
09June1936 (NY)
Coccocarpia palmicola
(Sprengel) Arv. & D. J. Galloway – P: Reed 129014 (NY); M: Anderson _1937 (NY)
Coenogonium
luteum (Dicks.) Kalb & Lücking‡
– M: Hodkinson 9045 (NY)
Coenogonium
pineti (Ach.) Lücking & Lumbsch‡
– C: Teller & Cummings 19Dec1892
(NY); M: Buck 39138 (NY), 28346
(NY)
Collema bachmanianum (Fink) Degel. – C: Hodkinson 1364 (DUKE), 2098 (DUKE),
2355 (NY)
Collema
coccophorum Tuck. – M: Guccion 1061 (NY)
Collema
conglomeratum Hoffm. – P: Luttrell 1602 (US); M: Culberson 11328 (DUKE), 11413 (DUKE)
Collema
flaccidum (Ach.) Ach. – P: Miller 515 (US); M: Hermann 14982 (US)
Collema furfuraceum (Arnold)
Du Rietz – M: Hermann 14982 (NY), Hale
18190 (US)
Collema fuscovirens (With.)
J. R. Laundon‡ – M: Culberson 11312 (DUKE)
Collema subflaccidum Degel. – C: Wiseman 190 (DUKE), M: Lendemer 3810 (NY), Harris 36735 (NY), Culberson 11424 (DUKE)
Collema
tenax (Sw.) Ach.‡ – M: Hodkinson
9214 (NY)
Conotrema urceolatum (Ach.)
Tuck. – M: Harris 26866 (NY),
26989 (NY), Culberson 11224
(DUKE)
Cornutispora
lichenicola D. Hawksw. & B. Sutton*‡
– M: Harris 54077 (on Lecanora
strobilina; NY)
Cyphelium
tigillare (Ach.) Ach.‡ –
M: Slaughter _1975-76 (EIU)
Cystobasidium hypogymniicola Diederich & Ahti*‡ – M: Harris 54128 (on Hypogymnia incurvoides; NY), 54129 (on Hypogymnia krogiae; NY)
Dactylospora
athallina (Müll. Arg.) Hafellner*‡
– M: Buck 53348 (on Baeomyces
rufus; NY)
Dactylospora
glaucomarioides (Willey ex Tuck.)
Hafellner*‡ – M: Hodkinson
s.n. (on Ochrolechia yasudae; Hodkinson, pers. herb.)
Dactylospora lobariella (Nyl.) Hafellner* – M: Hafellner 2817 (US; det. Hafellner, not seen)
Dermatocarpon arenosaxi Amtoft‡ – M: Wieboldt 7213
(VPI)
Dermatocarpon luridum
(With.) J. R. Laundon – P: Guccion
1127 (NY); M: Culberson 11334
(DUKE), Hermann 15145 (DUKE)
Dermatocarpon muhlenbergii (Ach.) Müll. Arg. – M: Culberson 11234 (DUKE), 11309 (DUKE), 11341 (DUKE)
Dibaeis
baeomyces (L. f.) Rambold & Hertel
– C: Hodkinson 1770 (DUKE), Reed 138768 (NY), 139463 (NY); P: Hodkinson 6083 (DUKE); M: Buck 36973 (NY)
Dictyocatenulata alba Finley & E. F. Morris‡ – M: Hodkinson 8991 (NY)
Dimelaena oreina
(Ach.) Norman – P: Guccion 1097 (gyrophoric acid chemotype; NY); M: Harris 26901 (gyrophoric acid chemotype; NY), 13004 (gyrophoric acid chemotype; NY), SNP 34 (gyrophoric acid chemotype), 65
(fumarprotocetraric acid chemotype), 67 (fumarprotocetraric acid chemotype),
155 (fumarprotocetraric acid chemotype), 174 (gyrophoric acid chemotype), 176
(gyrophoric acid chemotype), Culberson 11461 (gyrophoric acid chemotype; DUKE)
Diplolaeviopsis
ranula Giralt & D. Hawksw.*‡
– M: Harris 54078 (on Lecanora
strobilina; NY), Hodkinson 9024 (on Lecanora strobilina; DUKE)
Diploschistes muscorum
(Scop.) R. Sant. – M: Harris 26858
(NY), Leeming 13June1892 (NY)
Diploschistes scruposus
(Schreber) Norman – M: Guccion 106
(NY), SNP 65, 271
Endocarpon diffractellum
(Nyl.) Gueidan & Cl. Roux
– M: Harris
12935A (NY), 10676
(NY), Hodkinson 9316 (DUKE)
Endocarpon pallidulum
(Nyl.) Nyl.‡ – M: Hodkinson 9118 (in a mixed collection filed under Theldium
zwackhii; NY), 9273 (NY)
Endocarpon petrolepideum (Nyl.) Hue – M: Buck 28315 (NY), Harris 10686 (NY), Hodkinson 9322 (DUKE), Reed 63008 (NY)
Endococcus
perpusillus Nyl.*‡ – M: SNP 100 (on Rhizocarpon geographicum), 128 (on Porpidia tuberculosa)
Endococcus
propinquus (Körber) D. Hawksworth*‡
– M: SNP 80 (on Porpidia
tuberculosa), 273 (on Porpidia
tuberculosa)
Eopyrenula
intermedia Coppins‡ – M: Harris 12916 (NY), 12897 (NY), 26995 (NY), Hodkinson
9265 (DUKE)
Ephebe lanata (L.)
Vainio – M: Culberson 11468 (DUKE)
Evernia mesomorpha
Nyl. – M: Anderson 08June1936
(NY), _June1936 (NY)
Everniastrum catawbiense
(Degel.) Hale ex Sipman – M: Harris
26878 (NY), Dey 5594 (DUKE), 5600
(DUKE), 5654 (DUKE)
Fellhanera granulosa R. C. Harris & Lendemer – M: Buck 28322 (NY)
Flavoparmelia
baltimorensis (Gyeln. & Fóriss) Hale
– C: Hodkinson 1956 (NY),
2401 (DUKE); P: Reed
78230 (NY); M: Harris 12894 (NY), SNP 2
Flavoparmelia caperata (L.) Hale – C: Hodkinson 721 (NY), 2287 (DUKE), Reed 61193 (NY); P: Reed 138223 (NY); M: Reed 67666 (NY), Hale 14661 (US)
Flavopunctelia flaventior
(Stirton) Hale – M: Harris 26892
(NY), 26909 (NY), Culberson 11328
(DUKE)
Flavopunctelia soredica
(Nyl.) Hale – M: Hale 59630 (US)
Fuscidea appalachensis Fryday – M: SNP 24
Fuscidea arcuatula (Arnold) V. Wirth & Vězda – M: Harris 13001 (NY), SNP 3, 6, 26, 27, 42, 60, 65, 67, 71, 97, 100, 113, 120, 129, 145, 155, 156,
157
Fuscidea
pusilla Tønsberg‡ – M: Harris 54032 (NY)
Fuscopannaria leucosticta (Tuck.) P. M. Jørg. – C: Wiseman
154 (DUKE); M: Harris 12954 (NY), Hermann 14839 (US)
Graphis scripta (L.) Ach. – C: Hodkinson 831 (DUKE), 968 (NY), 1018 (DUKE); P: Buck 28310 (NY); M: Harris 26890 (NY), 26958 (NY), Buck 20715 (NY)
Gyalecta
jenensis (Batsch) Zahlbr.‡
– M: Green _1884 (NY)
Haematomma persoonii (Fée) A. Massal. – C: Hodkinson 1725 (DUKE), 2521 (DUKE),
2591 (NY), Teller & Cummings 19Dec1892
(NY)
Hertelidea
pseudobotryosa R.C. Harris et al.‡
– M: Slaughter _1975-76
(EIU)
Heterodermia
albicans (Pers.) Swinscow & Krog
– C: Hodkinson 475 (DUKE), 1107 (NY), 1789 (DUKE), 2173 (DUKE)
Heterodermia appalachensis
(Kurok.) Culb. – M: Reed 66874
(NY), Culberson 11404 (DUKE)
Heterodermia echinata
(Taylor) Culb. – C: Anderson
_June1935 (NY); M: Murrill 493
(NY)
Heterodermia erecta Lendemer‡ – M: Hodkinson 9186 (NY)
Heterodermia granulifera (Ach.)
Culb. – M: Guccion 1062 (NY), Reed 67649 (NY), 67678 (NY)
Heterodermia
hypoleuca (Ach.) Trevisan – C: Anderson 03September1934 (NY); P: Guccion 1098 (NY), Hale 15594 (US), Miller 141 (US), 255 (US); M: Lendemer 3871 (NY), 3857 (NY), FHM 3608073-21 (DUKE), 3707968-4 (DUKE)
Heterodermia leucomela (L.)
Poelt – M: Harris 36753 (NY), Culberson 11397 (DUKE)
Heterodermia
neglecta Lendemer, R. C. Harris, &
Tripp – M: Harris 12984
(norstictic acid chemotype; NY), 13011 (acid deficient chemotype; NY), 36681
(acid deficient chemotype; NY), Culberson 11300 (acid deficient chemotype; DUKE)
Heterodermia
obscurata (Nyl.) Trevisan – C: Anderson _June1936 (NY); P: Reed 68490 (NY), Hale 15649 (DUKE); M: Culberson 11172 (DUKE)
Heterodermia
speciosa (Wulfen) Trevisan – P: Hodkinson 5024 (DUKE), M: Harris 36669
(NY), 12919 (NY)
Heterodermia
squamulosa (Degel.) Culb. – M: Lendemer 3861 (NY), Harris 36672 (NY)
Hyperphyscia adglutinata
(Flörke) H. Mayrh. & Poelt – M: Allard 5747a (US)
Hyperphyscia syncolla (Tuck.
ex Nyl.) Kalb – C: Hodkinson 2063
(NY), 2352 (DUKE), Reed 128034 (NY)
Hypocenomyce
anthracophila (Nyl.) P. James & Gotth.
Schneider – M: Harris 10665
(NY)
Hypocenomyce
friesii (Ach.) P. James & Gotth.
Schneider – M: Harris 36739
(NY)
Hypocenomyce
scalaris (Ach.) M. Choisy – P: Guccion 1099 (NY); M: Dirig 3056 (NY), 3057 (NY), 3058 (NY), L-3054 (DUKE)
Hypogymnia
incurvoides Rass.‡ – M: Harris 54094 (NY), 54095 (NY), 54096 (NY)
Hypogymnia krogiae
Ohlsson – M: Harris 26908 (NY), Dey 5680 (DUKE)
Hypogymnia physodes
(L.) Nyl. – M: Harris 26906 (NY),
Hodkinson 8995 (DUKE)
Hypogymnia tubulosa
(Schaerer) Hav. – M: Buck 20656
(NY)
Hypotrachyna
afrorevoluta (Krog & Swinscow) Krog
& Swinscow‡ – M: Harris 26854 (NY), 26863 (NY), Guccion 1100 (NY)
Hypotrachyna croceopustulata
(Kurok.) Hale – M: Hale 18493
(DUKE), Dey 5581 (DUKE)
Hypotrachyna gondylophora (Hale) Hale‡ – M: Pike 4461 (NY)
Hypotrachyna imbricatula (Zahlbr.) Hale – M: Dey 5677 (DUKE), 5723 (DUKE)
Hypotrachyna livida
(Taylor) Hale – C: Hodkinson 886 (DUKE), 901 (NY), 908 (DUKE), Reed 64637 (NY); P: Reed 58834 (NY); M: Reed 66953 (NY), Culberson 11333 (DUKE)
Hypotrachyna
lividescens (Kurok.) Hale‡ – M:
Harris 54036 (previously reported here as
Hypotrachyna producta Hale; NY)
Hypotrachyna
oostingii (J. P. Dey) Hale‡
– M: Dey 5613 (DUKE), 5663
(DUKE)
Hypotrachyna osseoalba
(Vainio) Park & Hale – C: Anderson _June1935 (NY), Reed
66597 (NY); M: Guccion 1392 (Guccion,
pers. herb.)
Hypotrachyna
pustulifera (Hale) Skorepa – P: Hale
15680 (US), Reed 138731 (NY), 138274 (NY)
Hypotrachyna
revoluta (Flörke) Hale – P: Hale 38424 (NY); M: SNP 29
Hypotrachyna
rockii (Zahlbr.) Hale‡ –
M: Culberson 11327 (DUKE), Hodkinson 9205 (NY)
Hypotrachyna
showmanii Hale – C: Hodkinson 478 (DUKE); M: Harris 54038 (NY), 54039 (NY), 54076 (in a mixed collection labelled as Abrothallus
hypotrachynae Etayo & Diederich; NY)
Hypotrachyna
taylorensis (M. E. Mitch.) Hale‡
– M: Hale 33415 (NY)
Hypotrachyna
thysanota (Kurok.) Hale‡ –
M: Dey 5585 (DUKE), 5587 (DUKE)
Hypotrachyna
virginica (Hale) Hale – M: Harris 26917 (NY), Dey 5679 (DUKE)
Illosporium
carneum Fr.‡ – M: Hodkinson
4732 (on Peltigera praetextata; NY)
Imshaugia
aleurites (Ach.) S. F. Meyer – C: Reed 64169 (NY); P: Reed 62378 (NY); M: Reed 67411 (NY), Culberson 20122 (DUKE)
Imshaugia
placorodia (Ach.) S. F. Meyer – P: Reed 65241 (NY), 63253 (NY); M: Reed 56499 (NY), Anderson 1937 (NY)
Ionaspis
alba Lutzoni‡ – M: Slaughter _1975-76 (EIU)
Ionaspis lacustris (With.) Lutzoni – M: Harris 12926 (NY), Culberson 11472 (DUKE)
Lasallia
papulosa (Ach.) Llano – M: Harris 12937 (NY), Hermann 14148 (NY), Imshaug 38328 (NY), SNP 19
Lasallia
pensylvanica (Hoffm.)
Llano – M: Hermann 14157 (NY), SNP 5, 67, 266
Lecania croatica (Zahlbr.) Kotlov‡
– M: Hodkinson 8973 (NY)
Lecania cuprea (A. Massal.) v. d. Boom & Coppins
– C: Hodkinson 562 (DUKE)
Lecanora
albella (Pers.) Ach. var. albella –
M: Guccion 1063 (NY)
Lecanora
albella var. rubescens (Imshaug & Brodo) Lumbsch – M: Guccion 1064 (NY)
Lecanora allophana Nyl.
– M: Hale 33368 (US)
Lecanora
argentata (Ach.) Malme – C: Hodkinson 824 (NY), 827 (DUKE); M: Small 20July1892
(NY)
Lecanora caesiorubella Ach.
subsp. caesiorubella – M: Harris 26928 (NY)
Lecanora cenisia Ach.
– M: Harris 36743 (NY)
Lecanora
chlarotera Nyl. – C: Hodkinson
312 (DUKE), 414 (DUKE),
3255 (NY), 3258 (DUKE), 3265 (DUKE)
Lecanora
cinereofusca H. Magn. – M: Buck 28319 (NY), Harris 26889 (NY), 26947 (NY), Hodkinson 9199 (DUKE)
Lecanora dispersa (Pers.)
Sommerf. – C: Hodkinson 1242 (DUKE); P: Guccion 1065 (NY); M: Ihrman 358-R (in a mixed collection labeled as Rhizocarpon
rubescens Th. Fr.; Shen.)
Lecanora hybocarpa (Tuck.) Brodo – C: Hodkinson
361 (DUKE), 390 (DUKE),
392 (NY); P: Guccion 1101 (NY); M: Harris
36781 (NY), 36742 (NY), Culberson
11270 (DUKE)
Lecanora
imshaugii Brodo – M: Harris
26939 (NY), Buck 20698 (NY)
Lecanora louisianae de Lesd. –
C: Hodkinson 362 (NY), 412 (DUKE), 625 (DUKE)
Lecanora
muralis (Schaerer) Rabenh.‡
– P: Guccion 1102 (NY)
Lecanora oreinoides (Körber)
Hertel & Rambold – M: Ihrman
273-R (Shen.)
Lecanora polytropa (Hoffm.)
Rabenh. – M: Harris 26925 (NY)
Lecanora
pulicaris (Pers.) Ach. – M: Harris
36752 (NY), 26920 (NY)
Lecanora rugosella Zahlbr.‡ – M: Harris 54107 (NY), 54108 (NY)
Lecanora
rupicola (L.) Zahlbr.‡ –
M: Anderson _June1936 (NY)
Lecanora strobilina (Sprengel) Kieffer – C: Hodkinson 807 (DUKE), 836 (DUKE),
906 (NY), Reed 121097 (NY); P: Maxon
498 (NY), Luttrell 1577 (US), 1870 (US), Culberson 4712 (DUKE); M: Harris 26891 (NY), SNP 6, Culberson 11232 (DUKE),
11382 (DUKE)
Lecanora
subimmergens Vainio – M: Harris 12884 (NY)
Lecanora
subpallens Zahlbr. – C: Hodkinson 910 (DUKE), 913 (DUKE),
1350 (NY), 1616 (DUKE), Reed 117289 (NY), 118117 (NY); M: Harris 36701 (NY)
Lecanora symmicta (Ach.) Ach. – M: Harris 54109 (NY)
Lecanora
thysanophora R. C. Harris – M: Harris 26957 (NY), 36670A (NY)
Lecanora
valesiaca (Müll. Arg.) Stizenb.‡
– M: Anderson _1937 (NY),
Guccion 1066 (NY), Reed 75677 (NY)
Lecanora
wisconsinensis H. Magn.‡ –
M: Harris 26881 (NY), Buck 20650 (NY), 20679 (NY)
Lecidea
ahlesii (Körber) Nyl. var. ahlesii‡ – M: Perlmutter 1283 (NCU)
Lecidea
atrobrunnea (Lam. & DC.) Schaerer‡
[substance-deficient chemotype] – M: Anderson _June1936 (NY)
Lecidea
berengeriana (A. Massal.) Th. Fr.‡
– M: Lendemer 3872 (NY), Harris
36675 (NY), Buck 28394 (NY)
Lecidea
cyrtidia Tuck.‡ – P: Guccion 1105 (NY); M: Buck 20669 (NY), 20712 (NY), Hodkinson 9341 (in a mixed collection labeled as Arthonia
lapidicola ?; NY)
Lecidea deminutula H. Magn. – M: Brodo 9465 (CANL)
Lecidea
lapicida (Ach.) Ach.‡ – M:
Anderson 08June1935 (NY)
Lecidea
plebeja Nyl.
– C: Hodkinson 383 (DUKE); M: Harris 10658 (NY)
Lecidea tessellata Flörke
– M: SNP 179
Lecidella
enteroleucella (Nyl.) Hertel‡
– M: Slaughter _1975-76 (EIU)
Leimonis erratica
(Körber) R. C. Harris & Lendemer‡
– P: Luttrell 1572 (US); M: SNP 81
Leiorreuma explicans (Fink) Lendemer – C: Hodkinson 967 (DUKE)
Leiorreuma
sericeum
(Eschw.) Staiger – C: Hodkinson 565 (DUKE),
978 (NY)
Lempholemma
polyanthes (Bernh.) Malme‡
– M: Harris 9956 (NY)
Lepraria
adhaerens K. Knudsen, Elix & Lendemer‡
– M: Reed 62274 (NY)
Lepraria
caesiella R. C. Harris – C: Hodkinson
2281 (DUKE); P: Reed 60677 (NY);
M: Harris 36700 (NY)
Lepraria
caesioalba (de Lesd.) J. R. Laundon‡
[fumarprotocetraric acid chemotype] – P: Guccion 1103 (NY); M: SNP 34, 44, 65, 80, 131
Lepraria
crassissima (Hue) Lettau‡
– M: SNP 29, 31, 131
Lepraria
lobificans Nyl. – C: Hodkinson 1020 (DUKE); M: Lendemer 3799
(NY), 3837 (NY), SNP
270
Lepraria neglecta (Nyl.)
Erichsen – M: SNP 1, 4, 73, 87
Lepraria normandinoides Lendemer & R. C. Harris – M: Harris
36656 (NY), 36718 (NY), Hodkinson 8978 (Hodkinson,
pers. herb.)
Leptogium austroamericanum
(Malme) C. W. Dodge – P: Hale 17924
(US); M: Hale 33249 (US), 12777
(US), 33169 (US)
Leptogium chloromelum (Sw.)
Nyl. – M: Anderson 08June1936
(NY), Reed 62190 (NY)
Leptogium
corticola (Taylor) Tuck. – C: Wiseman
180 (DUKE); M: Buck 20691 (NY), 28400 (NY)
Leptogium
cyanescens (Rabenh.) Körber – C: Hodkinson
424 (NY), 1000 (DUKE); P: Hermann 15002 (NY); M: Buck 20705 (NY), Culberson 11440 (DUKE), Hale 33052 (US), Harris 36730 (NY)
Leptogium
dactylinum Tuck. – M: Buck 28409 (NY), Guccion 04Nov1990 (NY), Hodkinson 9185 (Hodkinson, pers. herb.)
Leptogium
hirsutum Sierk – M: Guccion 1067 (NY), Murrill 479 (NY)
Leptogium lichenoides (L.)
Zahlbr. – M: Harris 26962 (NY),
36728 (NY)
Leptogium
marginellum (Sw.) Gray‡ –
C: Reed 75743 (NY)
Leptogium millegranum Sierk
– P: Hale 14601 (DUKE)
Leptogium
tenuissimum (Dickson) Körber*‡
– M: Guccion 158 (NY)
Lichenochora
obscuroides (Lindsay) Triebel & Rambold‡
– M: Hodkinson 9349 (on Phaeophyscia sp.; NY)
Lichenoconium erodens M. S.
Christ. & D. Hawksw.*‡ – C: Hodkinson 3264 (on Lecanora strobilina; DUKE); M: Buck 28373 (on Punctelia rudecta;
NY)
Lichenoconium
lecanorae (Jaap) D. Hawksw.*‡
– P: Guccion 1089 (on Cladonia
caespiticia; NY)
Lichenostigma
cosmopolites Hafellner & Calat.*‡
– M: Slaughter _1975-76 (on
Xanthoparmelia conspersa; EIU)
Lichenothelia sp. †‡ – M: SNP 2, 6
Lithothelium
hyalosporum (Nyl.) Aptroot – M:
Wetmore 15407 (MIN)
Lobaria
pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm. – M: Reed
67693 (NY), 67622 (NY), Harris 36711 (NY)
Lobaria
quercizans Michx. – C: Hodkinson
1013 (DUKE), Reed 63614 (NY),
Wiseman 170 (DUKE), 183 (DUKE); P: Reed
60209 (NY), 57537 (NY), 59722 (NY); M:
Lendemer 3798 (NY), Harris 36747 (NY)
Lobaria ravenelii
(Tuck.) Yoshim. – C: Culberson 16018
(DUKE)
Lobaria scrobiculata
(Scop.) DC. – M: Luttrell 2351
(US)
Loxospora ochrophaea
(Tuck.) R. C. Harris – M: Leeming
28May1892 (NY), 26June1892 (NY), Hodkinson 9141 (DUKE)
Loxospora pustulata
(Brodo & Culb.) R. C. Harris – C: Hodkinson 401 (DUKE), 1010 (DUKE), 1431 (NY); P: Guccion 1104 (NY), Leonard 18737 (US); M: Culberson 11230 (DUKE), 11271 (DUKE)
Marchandiomyces
lignicola Lawrey & Diederich†
– M: Lawrey 1716 (Holotype;
NY)
Maronea
polyphaea H. Magn.‡ – M: Hodkinson
9285 (NY).
Megalospora
porphyritis (Tuck.) R. C. Harris‡
– C: Reed 60718 (NY)
Melanelia culbersonii (Hale)
Thell – M: SNP 56, 266
Melanelia stygia (L.) Essl.
– M: SNP 84, 88, Anderson
08June1935 (NY)
Melanelixia subaurifera
(Nyl.) O. Blanco et al. – M: Reed
66946 (NY), Culberson 11159
(DUKE)
Melanohalea
halei (Ahti) O. Blanco et al.‡
– M: Buck 20666 (NY), Culberson 11479 (DUKE)
Melaspilea
sp.‡ – M: Perlmutter 1284 (NCU)
Menegazzia
subsimilis (H. Magn.) R. Sant.‡
– M: Guccion 1068 (NY),
1069 (NY), Anderson 09June1936
(NY), Culberson 11331 (DUKE), Culberson 11249 (DUKE), 11329 (DUKE), Hale 18236 (US), 33225 (US)
Micarea
bauschiana (Körb.) V. Wirth & Vězda‡ – M: Buck 53415 (pale
form; NY)
Micarea lithinella
(Nyl.) Hedl.‡ – M: Slaughter _1975-76 (filed as Porpidia
crustulata; EIU)
Micarea micrococca (Körber) Gams ex Coppins‡ –
M: Hodkinson 9250 (NY)
Micarea peliocarpa (Anzi) Coppins & R. Sant. – M: Buck 28402 (NY), 36972 (NY), Harris 36678 (NY), 36778 (NY), Hodkinson 9000 (Hodkinson,
pers. herb.)
Micarea
prasina Fr. – M: Harris 12942 (NY), 36680 (NY), 36759 (NY)
Microcalicium
arenarium (A. Massal.) Tibell (†/*)‡
– M: SNP 133 (on Psilolechia
lucida)
Minutoexcipula mariana V. Atienza*‡ – C: Hodkinson 3251 (on Pertusaria xanthodes; NY), 3252 (on Pertusaria sp.; DUKE)
Minutoexcipula
tuckerae V. Atienza & D. Hawksw.*‡
– P: Guccion 1112 (on Pertusaria
tetrathalamia s. lat.; NY)
Miriquidica
leucophaea (Flörke ex Rabenh.) Hertel &
Rambold‡ – M: Anderson 08June1935 (NY)
Muellerella
lichenicola (Sommerf. ex Fr.) D. Hawksw.*‡
– M: Hodkinson 9266 (on Caloplaca
flavovirescens; NY), 9337 (on Physcia
pumilior; NY)
Muellerella
pygmaea (Körber) D. Hawksw.* –
M: SNP 113 (on Rhizocarpon
rubescens)
Mycocalicium
albonigrum Nyl. Fink† – M:
Buck 53306 (NY)
Mycocalicium
subtile (Pers.) Szatala† –
M: Harris 10648 (NY), 36757 (NY),
Buck 28395 (NY), 28404 (NY),
36949 (NY)
Mycoporum
pycnocarpoides Müll. Arg.‡
– M: Hodkinson 9287 (NY)
Myelochroa
aurulenta (Tuck.) Elix & Hale –
C: Hodkinson 473 (NY), 2434 (DUKE), Reed 61833 (NY); P: Reed 138275 (NY); M: Lendemer 3816 (NY), Hale 15881 (DUKE)
Myelochroa
galbina (Ach.) Elix & Hale – C: Reed 83295 (NY); P: Reed 63086 (NY); M: Lendemer 3849 (NY), Culberson 11247 (DUKE)
Myelochroa
obsessa (Ach.) Elix & Hale – P: Reed 68773 (NY); M: Anderson 29June1935 (NY), Culberson 11358 (DUKE)
Nadvornikia
sorediata R. C. Harris – C: Hodkinson 563 (DUKE); P: Hodkinson 10245
(Hodkinson, pers. herb.), 10258 (NY); M: Buck 41816 (NY)
Nectriopsis rubefaciens (Ellis & Everh.) M. S. Cole & D. Hawksw.*‡ – M: Harris 26868 (on Aspicilia sp.; NY)
Nephroma bellum (Sprengel)
Tuck. – M: Small 16June1892 (NY)
Nephroma helveticum Ach.
– C: Luttrell 1766 (US), 2107(US);
M: Poff 179 (DUKE), FHM
3707973-7A (DUKE), Hale 12663 (US)
Nephroma parile (Ach.) Ach.
– M: Culberson 11453 (NY)
Normandina pulchella
(Borrer) Nyl. – M: Buck 20706A
(NY), 20705A (NY), 28372 (NY), Harris 12995A (NY)
Ochrolechia africana Vainio
– C: Hodkinson 300 (NY), 301 (DUKE), 1945 (DUKE), 2010 (DUKE)
Ochrolechia
arborea (Kreyer) Almb.‡ –
M: Harris 36763 (NY), Buck 28401 (NY)
Ochrolechia
mexicana Vainio – M: Guccion 1070 (NY), Hodkinson 9046 (DUKE)
Ochrolechia
pseudopallescens Brodo‡ –
C: Reed 63409 (NY), Anderson
_June1936 (NY)
Ochrolechia
trochophora (Vainio) Oshio – M: Harris 12952 (NY), 26971 (NY), 26988 (NY), 36776 (NY), Buck 28324 (NY), 28356 (NY)
Ochrolechia
yasudae Vainio – P: Guccion
1106 (NY); M: Harris 10669 (NY), 36716 (NY), 36725 (NY), SNP 7, 259
Opegrapha gyrocarpa Flotow ? – M: SNP 148
Opegrapha
varia Pers. – M: Lendemer 3827 (NY)
Opegrapha
vulgata Ach. – C: Hodkinson 397 (DUKE), 2151 (NY); M: Harris
12880 (NY)
Pannaria lurida ssp. quercicola P. M. Jørg. – C: Reed 9099 (Holotype in US; Isotype in NY); P:
Hale 14568 (US), Luttrell 4889 (US)
Pannaria subfusca P. M. Jørg.‡ – P: Luttrell 3801 (US); M: Culberson 11211
(DUKE), Luttrell 537 (US), 3392
(US), 3557 (US)
Pannaria tavaresii P. M. Jørg.
– C: Luttrell 1767 (US), 1922
(US), 2028 (US), 2109 (US)
Parmelia
neodiscordans Hale‡ – M: Guccion
1071 (NY)
Parmelia omphalodes (L.)
Ach. – M: Anderson 08June1935
(NY), 08June1936 (NY), SNP 110, Hale
88 (DUKE), 14679 (US)
Parmelia saxatilis (L.) Ach. – P: Miller 234 (US); M: Culberson 11181 (DUKE), FHM 3708026-18 (DUKE), Allard 2445 (US), 8324 (US)
Parmelia
squarrosa Hale – P: Reed 138258 (NY); M: Reed 79487 (NY), Culberson 11331 (DUKE)
Parmelia sulcata Taylor
– P: Reed 63067 (NY); M: Reed 127182 (NY), Culberson 11243 (DUKE)
Parmeliella appalachensis P. M. Jørg‡ – M: Culberson 11495 (DUKE)
Parmelinopsis horrescens
(Taylor) Elix & Hale – C: Reed
61032 (NY); M: Harris 36770 (NY),
Dey 5573 (DUKE)
Parmelinopsis minarum
(Vainio) Elix & Hale – C: Reed
61026 (NY); P: Reed 138728 (NY);
M: Lendemer 3831 (NY), Culberson 11430 (DUKE)
Parmelinopsis spumosa
(Asahina) Elix & Hale – C: FHM 3707567-17
(DUKE)
Parmeliopsis
subambigua Gyelnik – C: Reed 83922 (NY), FHM 3607668-8
(DUKE); P: Reed 138720 (NY), Hale
14595 (DUKE)
Parmotrema arnoldii (Du
Rietz) Hale – M: Dey 5629 (DUKE)
Parmotrema
austrosinense (Zahlbr.) Hale – C: Hodkinson 1937 (DUKE), 3262 (NY)
Parmotrema cetratum (Ach.)
Hale – C: Reed 59393 (NY); P: Reed 63461 (NY); M: Culberson 12892 (DUKE)
Parmotrema
crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy – P: Guccion
1107 (NY); M: Harris 36719 (NY), 26919 (NY), Hale 17783 (DUKE)
Parmotrema
despectum Kurok.‡ – C: Reed 61854 (NY), 59407 (NY); P: Reed 63077 (NY)
Parmotrema
gardneri (C. W. Dodge) Sérus. – C: Hodkinson 846 (DUKE), 1017 (NY), Reed
138180 (NY); P: Guccion 1108 (NY),
Reed 83336 (NY); M: Reed 67674 (NY)
Parmotrema
hypoleucinum (Steiner) Hale – C: Hodkinson 621 (originally reported as "Parmotrema
hypotropum (Nyl.) Hale" by Hodkinson &
Case, 2008; NY), 1857 (DUKE),
Reed 64170 (NY), 57542 (NY)
Parmotrema
hypotropum (Nyl.) Hale – C: Hodkinson 1310 (DUKE), 1859 (DUKE),
Reed 61018 (NY); P: Hodkinson 5010 (DUKE), 5013 (DUKE),
Reed 99334 (NY); M: Lendemer 3813 (NY)
Parmotrema
louisianae (Hale) Hale – C: Hodkinson 1723 (DUKE), 1723B (NY)
Parmotrema
margaritatum (Hue) Hale – P: Reed 63308 (NY); M: Harris 9925 (NY), Hale 18263 (US)
Parmotrema perforatum (Jacq.)
A. Massal. – C: Hodkinson 711
(NY), 1910 (DUKE),
2134 (DUKE), Reed 66132 (NY); P: Hodkinson 5027 (DUKE), 5028 (DUKE),
Reed 138225 (NY); M: Reed 57756 (NY)
Parmotrema perlatum (Huds.) M. Choisy – M: Reed 84110 (NY), Culberson 11153 (DUKE)
Parmotrema
praesorediosum (Nyl.)
Hale – C: Hodkinson 1271 (DUKE)
Parmotrema
reticulatum (Taylor) M. Choisy – C: Hodkinson 1822 (NY), 2645 (DUKE), Reed 61029A (NY); P: Hodkinson
5011 (DUKE), 5030 (DUKE), Reed 75814 (NY); M: Hodkinson 9201 (apothecia present; Reed 66850 (NY)
Parmotrema
stuppeum (Taylor) Hale – M: Harris 36750 (NY), 36761 (NY)
Parmotrema
subisidiosum (Müll. Arg.) Hale – C: Hodkinson 290 (NY), 1263 (DUKE), Reed 139462 (NY); P:
Hodkinson 5007 (DUKE), Reed 75840 (NY); M: Harris 67668 (NY)
Parmotrema submarginale (Michaux)
DePriest & B. Hale – C: Hodkinson
907 (DUKE), 2213 (NY),
Reed 128048 (NY); P: Reed 58835 (NY); M: Hale 12891 (DUKE)
Parmotrema subrigidum Egan – C: Reed 63971 (NY)
Parmotrema subtinctorium
(Zahlbr.) Hale – P: Reed 138226
(NY); M: Reed 66702 (NY)
Parmotrema tinctorum (Delise
ex Nyl.) Hale – C: Luttrell 1709
(US)
Parmotrema ultralucens
(Krog) Hale – C: Culberson 16019
(DUKE)
Parmotrema xanthinum (Müll.
Arg.) Hale – C: Reed 9097A (NY);
M: Seymour 27July-01August1891
(NY)
Peltigera canina (L.) Willd.
– M: Allard 3966 (US), 14April1935
(US), Hale 14842 (US)
Peltigera didactyla (With.)
J. R. Laundon – M: Luttrell 2426
(US), Anderson 08June1936 (NY), Leeming
04June1892 (NY)
Peltigera elisabethae Gyelnik – M: Culberson 11392 (DUKE)
Peltigera evansiana Gyelnik
– M: Guccion 1072 (NY)
Peltigera
horizontalis (Hudson) Baumg. – C: Hodkinson 1091 (DUKE); M: Small 5269 (NY), Dey 5704 (DUKE), Hale 18298 (US)
Peltigera hydrothyria
Miadlikowska & Lutzoni – M: Allard 4601 (NY), Culberson
11439 (DUKE), 11441 (DUKE)
Peltigera leucophlebia
(Nyl.) Gyelnik – M: Murrill 470
(NY), Anderson 09June1936 (NY), Culberson 11313 (DUKE), Allard 4833 (US)
Peltigera
neckeri Hepp ex Müll. Arg.‡ – M: Hale 10432
(US), 18118 (US), 18181 (US), 18877 (US)
Peltigera
neopolydactyla (Gyelnik) Gyelnik – C:
Hodkinson 1090 (DUKE), 1745 (NY); M: Hale 17810 (US), 17840 (US)
'Peltigera
neopolydactyla sensu lato' – C: Hodkinson 1121 (DUKE), 1122 (DUKE),
1124 (DUKE), 1125 (DUKE), 1128 (NY)
Peltigera
phyllidiosa Goffinet & Miadlikowska
– C: Hodkinson 2256 (DUKE),
Wiseman 177 (DUKE); P: Hodkinson 5025 (DUKE); M: Culberson 11209
(DUKE), Dey 5689 (DUKE), Hodkinson 9200 (NY)
Peltigera
polydactylon (Necker) Hoffm. – M: Seymour 27July-01Aug1891 (NY), Culberson 11380 (DUKE), Allard 4086 (US)
Peltigera
praetextata (Flörke ex. Sommerf.) Zopf
– C: Hodkinson 2168 (DUKE), Wiseman 182 (DUKE); M: Allard 5881 (US),
Hodkinson 4732 (NY), Harris 26996 (NY), 36634 (NY), 26942 (NY), Leeming
13June1892 (NY), Anderson 29June1935 (NY), 09June1936 (NY), Culberson 11298 (DUKE), 11305 (DUKE), 11347 (DUKE)
Peltigera rufescens
(Weiss) Humb. – C: Hodkinson 1267 (DUKE); M: Allard 2411 (US), 4096 (US), Luttrell 80 (US), 2999 (US)
Peltula sp.‡ – P: Hodkinson 10205 (DUKE, NY)
Pertusaria amara (Ach.) Nyl. – P: Luttrell 2271 (DUKE); M: Buck 28339 (NY), Harris 36783 (NY)
Pertusaria andersoniae Lendemer – M: Anderson
08June1935 (NY)
Pertusaria
epixantha R. C. Harris – C: Hodkinson 339 (originally reported as "Pertusaria
texana Müll. Arg." by Hodkinson & Case,
2008; DUKE), 389 (originally reported as "Pertusaria texana Müll. Arg." by Hodkinson & Case, 2008; NY), 1201 (DUKE), 3647 (NY); P: Hodkinson
10246 (Hodkinson, pers. herb.); M: Harris 12904 (NY), 12909B (NY), 12911 (NY)
Pertusaria
globularis (Ach.) Tuck. – M: Buck 28407 (NY), Hodkinson 9184
(DUKE), Reed 106138 (NY)
Pertusaria hypothamnolica Dibben‡ – P: Reed 62889 (NY)
Pertusaria
macounii (Lamb) Dibben
– M: Harris 26865 (NY), 26946
(NY), 26952 (NY), 36787 (NY)
Pertusaria
multipunctoides Dibben – C: Hodkinson 680 (DUKE), Luttrell 2062 (DUKE); M: Buck 28342 (NY), Schallert 03Apr1938 (NY)
Pertusaria
neoscotica Lamb – P: Reed 63455 (NY); M: Harris 26941 (NY), Hodkinson 9182 (NY), Luttrell 2583 (DUKE)
Pertusaria
ophthalmiza (Nyl.) Nyl.‡ –
C: Anderson 03Sept1934 (NY), Reed 63615 (NY); M: Harris 36771 (NY), 36691 (NY)
Pertusaria ostiolata Dibben‡ – C: Luttrell 1913 (DUKE); P: Guccion 1110 (NY)
Pertusaria paratuberculifera
Dibben – C: Hodkinson 971 (DUKE),
1829 (NY), 2165 (DUKE), Reed
117323 (NY), Anderson _June1935
(NY); P: Harris 36660 (NY), Reed 83613 (NY); M: Buck 36968 (NY), Tucker 17738 (NY)
Pertusaria plittiana
Erichsen – M: Harris 10662 (NY),
36712 (NY), Guccion 120 (NY), Schallert
1132 (NY)
Pertusaria
propinqua Müll. Arg. – C: Hodkinson 1016 (DUKE), Luttrell 1704 (DUKE), 1915 (DUKE)
Pertusaria pustulata (Ach.) Duby – C: Hodkinson 818 (NY), 1402 (DUKE), Luttrell 1947 (DUKE); P: Guccion 1111 (NY); M: Buck 36978 (NY), Guccion 119 (NY), Harris 12875 (NY), 26972 (NY), 27205 (NY)
Pertusaria
rubefacta Erichsen – C: Hodkinson 968 (DUKE); M: Buck 28371 (NY), Harris 12970 (NY), 26960 (NY)
Pertusaria
shenandoensis Hale & Dibben – M: Dibben 22437 (DUKE), Hale 01June1971 (Holotype; US)
Pertusaria sinusmexicani Dibben‡ – C: Luttrell 1771 (DUKE)
Pertusaria subpertusa
Brodo – C: Hodkinson 399 (DUKE),
508 (NY), Luttrell 1604 (DUKE);
P: Guccion 1109 (NY)
Pertusaria tetrathalamia (Fée) Nyl.‡ – C: Luttrell 2038 (DUKE)
'Pertusaria tetrathalamia sensu lato'‡ [the thallus xanthone is
lichexanthone not coronatone; may be an undescribed species] – P: Guccion 1112 (NY)
Pertusaria texana
Müll. Arg. – P: Luttrell 1562
(DUKE)
Pertusaria
trachythallina Erichsen – C: Luttrell
1638 (DUKE), 1695 (DUKE); M: Harris 36785 (NY), 12977 (NY), 26855 (NY), 26974 (NY), Reed 106142 (NY)
Pertusaria
valliculata Dibben‡ – P: Guccion 1113 (NY)
Pertusaria
velata (Turner) Nyl. – C: Luttrell 1912 (DUKE), 1916 (DUKE); P: Luttrell 2236 (DUKE); M: Harris 26940 (NY), 36693 (NY), Hodkinson 9181
(UV-; Hodkinson, pers. herb.), 9202 (UV+; NY), Lendemer 3797 (NY)
Pertusaria
waghornei Hulting‡ – M: Anderson _June1936 (NY), Luttrell 2657 (DUKE)
Pertusaria xanthodes
Müll. Arg. – C: Hodkinson 915
(NY), 2095 (DUKE); P: Guccion
1114 (NY)
Phaeocalicium
polyporaeum (Nyl.) Tibell†‡
– M: Harris 36749 (NY), Miller
24254 (NY)
Phaeographis inusta
(Ach.) Müll. Arg. – C: Anderson
03Sept1934 (NY), Hodkinson 810
(NY), 933 (DUKE), 1130 (DUKE), 1434 (DUKE); P: Hodkinson 10256 (Hodkinson, pers. herb.)
Phaeophyscia adiastola (Essl.) Essl. – C: Hodkinson 833 (DUKE), Anderson _June1935 (NY); M: Buck 36969 (NY), Guccion 1075 (NY), Harris 36653 (NY), Hodkinson 9021 (fertile; DUKE)
Phaeophyscia ciliata
(Hoffm.) Moberg – C: Reed 62010
(NY); M: Culberson 11286 (in a mixed
collection labeled as Phaeophyscia hirtella Essl.; DUKE), Guccion 1115 (NY)
Phaeophyscia hirsuta (Mereschk.) Essl. – C: Hodkinson 842 (DUKE), 1530 (NY); P: Guccion 17May1998 (DUKE); M: Guccion 1073 (NY)
Phaeophyscia hirtella Essl. – C: Hodkinson 460 (DUKE), 1612 (NY); M: Culberson 11286 (DUKE)
Phaeophyscia hispidula
(Ach.) Essl. – M: Small 04July1892
(NY)
Phaeophyscia pusilloides
(Zahlbr.) Essl. – P: Guccion 1116
(NY), Allard 5747 (US), 5749
(US); M: Harris 12943 (NY), Culberson 11337 (DUKE)
Phaeophyscia
rubropulchra (Degel.) Essl. – C: Hodkinson 375 (NY), 1515 (DUKE); P: Guccion 1117 (NY), Allard 5747b (US); M: Harris 36698 (NY), 36663 (NY)
Phaeophyscia
sciastra (Ach.) Moberg‡ – M: Reed 58343 (NY)
Phaeophyscia
squarrosa Kashiw.‡ – P: Guccion
1118 (NY); M: Guccion 1400 (Guccion, pers. herb.)
Phaeospora sp.*‡ – M: Slaughter _1975-76 (on an unknown host originally identified
as 'Heterocarpon ochroleucum;'
EIU)
Phaeosporobolus
alpinus R. Sant., Alstrup & D. Hawksw.*‡ – P: Hodkinson 10257 (on Pertusaria sp.; NY); M: Ihrman 1694 (on Ochrolechia arborea; Shen.)
Phlyctis argena (Sprengel)
Flotow – M: Harris 26951 (NY), Buck 20714 (NY), 20722 (NY)
Phlyctis
ludoviciensis (Müll. Arg.) Lendemer‡
– P: Reed 138730 (NY)
Phlyctis petraea R. C. Harris ined.‡ – M: Harris 36724 (NY), SNP 1, 131
Phyllopsora corallina (Eschw.) Müll. Arg. – C: Hodkinson 1483 (DUKE)
Physcia
americana G. Merr. – C: Anderson _June1935 (NY), Reed 68548 (NY); P: Hale 14612 (DUKE); M: Harris 12914 (NY), Lendemer 3860 (NY)
Physcia millegrana Degel. – C: Hodkinson 288 (DUKE), 2100 (NY), Anderson 03Sept1934 (NY); P: Culberson 4671 (DUKE); M: Harris 26978A (NY)
Physcia phaea (Tuck.) J. W.
Thomson – M: Harris 12914 (NY),
26937 (NY)
Physcia
pseudospeciosa J. W. Thomson – M: Guccion 1074 (NY), Hale 17910 (US), 18151 (US)
Physcia
pumilior R. C. Harris – C: Hodkinson 1129 (DUKE), 1343
(NY); P: Guccion 1119 (NY); M: Perlmutter 1296 (NCU)
Physcia sorediosa (Vainio)
Lynge – C: Reed 62011 (NY); M: Harris 12913 (NY)
Physcia
stellaris (L.) Nyl. – C: Hodkinson 2505 (DUKE); P: Buck 30957 (NY), Guccion 1120 (NY); M: Harris 26922 (NY), Allard 5742d (US)
Physcia subtilis Degel. –
C: Hodkinson 1273 (NY), 1280 (DUKE); P:
Guccion 1121 (NY); M: Buck 20675 (NY), Harris 36664 (NY), SNP 19
Physciella chloantha (Ach.) Essl. – C: Anderson 21June1988 (NY), Hodkinson 501 (DUKE), 1466 (NY); P: Hodkinson 10253 (Hodkinson, pers. herb.)
Physciella
nepalensis (Poelt) Essl.‡
– M: Ihrman 963 (Shen.)
Physconia detersa (Nyl.) Poelt – M: Culberson 11283 (DUKE), Hodkinson 9281 (NY)
Physconia
leucoleiptes (Tuck.) Essl. – C:
Hodkinson 2001 (lacking gyrophoric acid;
DUKE); M: Harris 36662 (lacking
gyrophoric acid; NY), 36775 (lacking gyrophoric acid; NY), Hale 33333 (gyrophoric acid chemotype = P.
kurokawae; US), 33355 (gyrophoric acid
chemotype = P. kurokawae; US)
Placidiopsis
minor R. C. Harris – M:
Harris 9965 (NY)
Placidium
arboreum (Schw. ex E. Michener) Lendemer‡
– C: Wiseman 184 (DUKE); M:
Purcell 3853 (NY), Culberson 11410 (DUKE), Luttrell 4180 (US)
Placidium
lacinulatum (Ach.) Breuss‡ – P: Reed 68770 (NY)
Placidium
squamulosum (Ach.) Breuss‡
– M: Guccion 1076 (NY)
Placynthiella
icmalea (Ach.) Coppins & P. James‡
– P: Hodkinson 10254
(DUKE); M: Buck 28328 (NY),
Harris 26858A (NY)
Placynthiella
oligotropha (J. R. Laundon) Coppins &
P. James‡ – M: Buck
20681 (NY)
Placynthium nigrum (Hudson)
Gray – M: Harris 10681 (NY),
10679A (NY)
Platismatia tuckermanii (Oakes)
W. L. Culb. & C. Culb. – P:
Reed 83337 (NY); M: Reed 66817 (NY), Culberson 11251 (DUKE)
Polysporina
simplex (Davies) Vězda‡
– C: Luttrell 2081 (US); P:
Luttrell 1575 (US); M: Ihrman
1601 (Shen.)
Porina heterospora (Fink) R. C. Harris – C: Hodkinson 2244 (DUKE)
Porpidia albocaerulescens
(Wulfen) Hertel & Knoph – P: Guccion 1122 (NY); M: Culberson
11316 (DUKE), Harris 26916 (NY),
12924 (NY), 36633 (NY), SNP 271
Porpidia crustulata (Ach.)
Hertel & Knoph – M: Harris 9955
(NY), 36638 (NY), 38695 (NY)
Porpidia
lowiana Gowan ?‡ – M: SNP
80, 128
Porpidia
macrocarpa f. nigrocruenta (Anzi) Fryday‡ – M: Anderson 09June1936 (NY), Harris 36765 (NY)
Porpidia
subsimplex (H. Magn.) Fryday‡
– M: Harris 26992 (NY), Luttrell 2758 (US), SNP 64
Porpidia
tuberculosa (Sm.) Hertel & Knoph‡
– M: SNP 80, 81, 97, 113,
128, 129, 145, 270
Protoblastenia
rupestris (Scop.) J. Steiner‡
– M: Harris 12863 (NY)
Pseudevernia cladonia
(Tuck.) Hale & W. L. Culb. – M: Harris 26912 (NY), Buck 53401
(NY)
Pseudevernia consocians
(Vainio) Hale & W. L. Culb. – M: Harris 26857 (NY)
Pseudocyphellaria aurata
(Ach.) Vainio – C: Reed 68617 (NY)
Pseudocyphellaria crocata
(L.) Vainio – M: Seymour
27July-01Aug1891 (NY), Leeming
26June1892 (NY)
Pseudosagedia
cestrensis (Michener) R. C. Harris –
C: Hodkinson 997 (DUKE); P: Buck 28313 (NY); M: Harris 12932 (NY)
Pseudosagedia
guentheri (Flotow) Hafellner & Kalb‡
– M: Lendemer 4417 (NY)
Pseudosagedia rhaphidosperma (Müll. Arg.) R. C. Harris –
C: Hodkinson 826 (DUKE)
Psilolechia
clavulifera (Nyl.) Coppins‡
– M: Buck 53404 (NY)
Psilolechia lucida (Ach.) M.
Choisy – M: SNP 133, 270
Psora pseudorussellii Timdal – M: Wieboldt 11158
(VPI)
Psorula
rufonigra (Tuck.) Gotth. Schneider‡
– M: Guccion 1077 (NY)
Punctelia
appalachensis (Culb.) Krog – C: Luttrell
1802 (US); M: Lendemer 3800 (NY), 3801 (NY), Luttrell 4922 (US)
Punctelia
bolliana (Mull. Arg.) Krog – M: Guccion
1078 (NY)
Punctelia
borreri (Turner) Krog – M: Culberson 10113 (DUKE), 11282 (DUKE)
Punctelia
caseana Lendemer & Hodkinson ined.‡
[= P. subrudecta auct Amer. sensu
Lendemer (2004), see Lendemer & Hodkinson (in press)] – C: Reed
64166 (NY); P: Reed 138253 (NY);
M: Reed 79194 (NY), Hodkinson 9047 (Hodkinson, pers. herb.), 9267 (Hodkinson,
pers. herb.)
Punctelia graminicola (de Lesd.) Egan – M: Luttrell 4866 (US), SNP 21
Punctelia
missouriensis G. Wilh. & Ladd –
C: Hodkinson 471 (DUKE), 1728
(NY), 2583 (DUKE), Reed 59389
(NY); P: FHM 3707775-7 (DUKE),
Ladd 20781 (NY); M: FHM 3708041-3 (DUKE), Lendemer 3842 (NY)
Punctelia
reddenda (Stirton) Krog – M:
Dey 5643 (DUKE)
Punctelia rudecta (Ach.) Krog – C: Hodkinson 384 (DUKE), 474 (DUKE), 2037 (NY), Reed 61015 (NY); P: Reed 60408 (NY); M: Reed 58342 (NY)
Pycnora praestabilis (Nyl.)
Hafellner‡ – M: Hodkinson
9020 (NY)
Pycnothelia papillaria Dufour – C: Hodkinson 85 (DUKE); P: Reed 62981 (NY); M: Harris 12993 (NY)
Pyrenula
cruenta (Mont.) Vainio – C: Nearing
_1937 (NY)
Pyrenula
cuyabensis (Malme) R. C.
Harris – C: Hodkinson
1401 (DUKE)
Pyrenula
lucifera R. C. Harris‡
– M: Buck 28318 (NY),
28334 (NY)
Pyrenula
pseudobufonia (Rehm) R. C. Harris –
C: Hodkinson 723 (DUKE), 828
(NY), Reed 61382 (NY); P: Culberson 4718 (DUKE); M: Harris 12878 (NY), 12890 (NY), Buck 20657 (NY), 20687 (NY)
Pyrenula
punctella
(Nyl.) Trevisan – C: Hodkinson
2226 (DUKE)
Pyrenula
subelliptica (Tuck.) R. C. Harris – C:
Hodkinson 829 (NY), 883 (DUKE);
M: Leeming 12June1892 (NY), Guccion
1079 (NY)
Pyrrhospora varians (Ach.) R. C. Harris – C: Hodkinson 342 (DUKE), 528 (NY), 1415 (DUKE); P:
Guccion 1123 (NY); M: Guccion 1080 (NY)
Pyxine sorediata (Ach.) Mont
– C: Reed 137638 (NY); P: Hodkinson 5001 (DUKE), 5019 (DUKE),
Reed 63059 (NY); M: Reed 67001 (NY)
Pyxine
subcinerea Stirton – C: Hodkinson 505 (DUKE), 2102 (NY); P: Guccion 1124 (NY), Hodkinson 10267 (Hodkinson, pers. herb.); M: Guccion 1125 (NY)
Ramalina americana Hale – C: Hodkinson 1793 (DUKE), Anderson 03Sept1934 (NY); M: Reed 106162 (NY)
Ramalina
culbersoniorum La Greca – M: Harris 36661 (norbarbatic acid chemotype; NY), Culberson 20585 (divaricatic acid chemotype; DUKE), Culberson 20584 (4-O-methylhypoprotocetraric acid chemotype;
DUKE), Culberson 11421
(stenosporic acid chemotype; DUKE)
Ramalina intermedia (Delise
ex Nyl.) Nyl. – M: Harris 36720 (NY),
Pollard & Maxon 174 (NY)
Ramalina
petrina Bowler & Rundel – M:
Hermann 15849 (US; Holotype), Culberson 11391 (DUKE), Hale 18110 (US)
Ramalina pollinaria (Westr.)
Ach. – M: Harris 10677 (NY)
Ramalina stenospora Müll. Arg.‡ – C: Anderson 03Sept1934 (in a mixed collection labeled as Ramalina
americana Hale; NY), Luttrell 1926 (US)
Ramalina willeyi R. Howe
– C: Williams 1581 (US)
Ramboldia
russula (Ach.) Kalb, Lumbsch & Elix
– M: Ihrman 901 (Shen.)
Rhizocarpon
cinereovirens (Müll. Arg.) Vainio –
M: Buck 36964 (stictic acid
chemotype; NY)
Rhizocarpon
geographicum (L.) DC. – M: Culberson 11480 (DUKE), SNP 100, 173
Rhizocarpon
grande (Flörke ex Flotow) Arnold ?‡
– M: Anderson _June1936
(NY), SNP 68 (sterile)
Rhizocarpon hochstetteri
(Körber) Vainio ? – M: SNP 80
Rhizocarpon infernulum (Nyl.) Lynge f. sylvaticum Fryday‡ – M: Guccion 105 (NY), Buck 20651 (NY)
Rhizocarpon
reductum Th. Fr. – M: Harris 26876 (NY), SNP 63, 81, 97, 113, 120, 145
Rhizocarpon
rubescens Th. Fr.‡ – M: Harris 3599 (NY), 26903 (NY), SNP 81, 87, 97, 113, 120, 145
Rhizocarpon subgeminatum Eitner‡ – M: SNP 175
Rhizoplaca subdiscrepans
(Nyl.) R. Sant. – M: Hermann 14848
(NY), SNP 95, 174
Rinodina ascociscana Tuck.
– M: Buck 28388 (NY), 39140 (NY)
Rinodina
destituta (Nyl.) Zahlbr.‡
– P: Reed 113269 (NY); M: Anderson 09June1936 (NY), Harris 12912 (NY)
Rinodina maculans Müll. Arg. – C: Hodkinson 308 (DUKE), 1345 (NY), 1436 (DUKE), 1896 (DUKE),
1897 (DUKE); P: Hodkinson 10248
(Hodkinson, pers. herb.)
Rinodina
papillata H.
Magn. – C: Hodkinson 1346
(DUKE)
Rinodina
subminuta H. Magn.‡ – M: Buck
53381 (NY)
Rinodina
tephraspis (Tuck.) Herre‡
– M: Harris 12896 (NY)
Ropalospora chlorantha
(Tuck.) S. Ekman – M: Buck 20677
(NY), 53391 (NY)
Ropalospora lugubris (Sommerf.) Poelt – M: SNP 80
Roselliniella sp. ?*‡ – M: Harris 54079 (on Physcia stellaris; NY)
Sarcogyne clavus (DC.) Kremp.‡ – M: SNP 26, 166
Sarcogyne privigna (Ach.) A. Massal. – P: Hodkinson
10208 (DUKE, NY); M: SNP 151, 175
Sarcogyne
regularis Körber‡ – M: Ihrman 458-R (Shen.)
Sarcogyne
similis H. Magn.‡ – M: Slaughter _1975-76 (EIU)
Sclerococcum sp.*‡ – M: Harris 12989 (on Pertusaria plittiana; NY)
Scoliciosporum chlorococcum
(Stenh.) Vězda – M: Buck 36975 (NY),
20667 (NY)
Scoliciosporum pensylvanicum R.C. Harris‡
– M: Guccion 1129 (NY)
Scoliciosporum umbrinum
(Ach.) Arnold‡ – M: Anderson 29June1935 (NY), 09July1936 (NY), SNP 75, 175
Segestria
leptalea (Durieu & Mont.) R. C. Harris‡
– M: Hodkinson 8979 (NY)
Sphaerellothecium
coniodes (Nyl.) Cl. Roux & Diederich*‡
– M: Buck 53348 (on Baeomyces
rufus; NY)
Sphinctrina
turbinata (Pers.: Fr.) De Not.‡
– M: Harris 26904 (NY),
36671 (NY)
Stereocaulon dactylophyllum
Flörke – M: Hale 98 (DUKE)
Stereocaulon glaucescens Tuck. – M: Guccion 1126 (NY), SNP 40, 136, 137, 153, 165
Sticta beauvoisii Delise
– M: Buck 44261 (NY), 44262 (NY), Harris 36740 (NY)
Sticta fuliginosa (Hoffm.) Ach. – M: Harris 26994 (NY), Culberson 11333 (DUKE)
Sticta sylvatica
(Hudson) Ach. ?‡ – M: Slaughter _1975-76 (EIU)
Stigmidium sp. ?*‡ – M: SNP 268 (on Parmelia omphalodes)
Strigula
stigmatella (Ach.) R. C. Harris‡
– M: Buck 53323 (NY)
Strigula
submuriformis (R.C. Harris) R.C. Harris‡
– M: Slaughter _1975-76 (EIU)
Teloschistes
chrysophthalmus (L.) Th. Fr. – C: Britton
30March1894 (NY); P: Hale 91 (DUKE)
Tephromela atra (Hudson)
Hafellner – C: Reed 61667 (NY); M:
Anderson 29June1935 (NY),
_June1936 (NY)
Thelidium pyrenophorum (Ach.) Mudd‡ – M: Green _1884 (NY), Hodkinson 9312 (NY)
Thelidium zwackhii (Hepp) A. Massal.‡ – M: Hodkinson 9118 (NY)
Thelotrema
subtile Tuck.‡ – P: Harris 36641 (NY)
Tomasellia
americana (Minks
ex Willey) R. C. Harris†‡ – C: Hodkinson 1131 (NY)
Trapelia
coarctata (Turner ex Sm. & Sow.) M.
Choisy – P: Hodkinson 6124 (DUKE); M: Buck 20690 (NY), Harris 26943 (NY), Hodkinson 9341 (in a mixed collection labeled as Arthonia
lapidicola ?; NY)
Trapelia
corticola Coppins & P. James‡
– M: Harris 54123 (NY)
Trapelia
glebulosa (Sm.) J. R. Laundon‡
– M: Harris 26899 (NY), SNP 63, 73, 145
Trapelia
placodioides Coppins & P. James‡
– M: Anderson 29June1935
(NY), Hodkinson 9194 (DUKE)
Trapeliopsis flexuosa (Fr.)
Coppins & P. James – C: Hodkinson
2066 (NY), 2195 (DUKE), 2300 (DUKE), 2304 (DUKE); M: Harris 25871 (NY)
Trapeliopsis
gelatinosa (Flörke) Coppins & P. James‡
– M: Harris 54124 (NY)
Trapeliopsis granulosa
(Hoffm.) Lumbsch – M: Anderson
08June1936 (NY), SNP 105
Trapeliopsis
viridescens (Schrader) Coppins & P. James – M: Harris 26965 (NY), 36674 (NY)
Trematosphaeriopsis parmeliana (Jacz.) Elenkin* – M: Hafellner 2809 (on Xanthoparmelia conspersa; Hafellner, pers. herb.)
Tremella parmeliarum Diederich*‡
– M: Hodkinson 9228 (on
Parmotrema reticulatum; Hodkinson, pers.
herb.), 9235 (on P. reticulatum;
Hodkinson, pers. herb.)
'Tremella sp. 7
(Diederich 2007)'*‡ – M: Hodkinson 9019 (on Flavoparmelia caperata; Hodkinson, pers. herb.), 9315 (on F. caperata; Hodkinson, pers. herb.)
Trypethelium virens Tuck. ex E. Michener – C: Hodkinson 1127 (NY), 2416 (DUKE), Reed 59062 (NY); P: Johnson 5255 (NY), 5258 (NY), 5260 (NY); M: Harris 36702 (NY)
Tuckermanella fendleri
(Nyl.) Essl. – C: Hodkinson 1126
(DUKE), 1139 (NY), Reed 64643
(NY); P: Culberson 4680 (DUKE);
M: Culberson 11447 (DUKE)
Tuckermannopsis americana
(Sprengel) Hale – P: Hale 4198
(DUKE); M: Reed 75315 (NY)
Tuckermannopsis
ciliaris (Ach.) Gyelnik – C: Reed 57535 (NY); P: Reed 62506 (NY); M: Reed 68921 (NY)
Tuckermannopsis orbata
(Nyl.) M. J. Lai – M: Culberson
11389 (NY), Dey 5593 (NY)
Tylothallia
biformigera (Leighton) P. James &
Kilias‡ – M: Guccion 137 (NY)
Umbilicaria mammulata (Ach.)
Tuck. – M: Anderson 10June1936
(NY), Buck 28361 (NY), Harris 36707 (NY), Murrill 24-27Oct1916 (NY)
Umbilicaria
muhlenbergii (Ach.) Tuck. – M: Anderson 08June1936 (NY), Small 226 (NY), SNP 68, 174
Usnea
amblyoclada (Müll. Arg.) Zahlbr.‡
– M: Reed 66976 (NY), 88984
(NY)
Usnea ceratina Ach. –
M: Harris 26948 (NY), 26970 (NY)
Usnea cornuta
Körber – M: Dey 5659 (DUKE)
Usnea
dasaea Stirton‡ – M: Hodkinson
9203 (NY), 9222 (DUKE), Reed 67623 (NY), 68911 (NY)
Usnea endochrysea Stirton – C: Hodkinson 2019 (originally reported as "Usnea strigosa (Ach.) Eaton" by Hodkinson & Case,
2008; NY), Reed 86824 (NY); M: Reed 1981-107 (NY), Seymour 01Aug1891 (NY)
Usnea fragilescens var. mollis (Vainio) Clerc‡ – M: Dey 5648 (DUKE)
Usnea
halei P. Clerc – M: Harris 26879 (NY), Lendemer 4302 (NY), 4303 (NY), SNP 59, Hermann
15847 (DUKE), Culberson 11501 (DUKE)
Usnea lapponica
Vainio – M: Seymour
27July-01August1891 (NY), Culberson
11259 (DUKE), 11422 (DUKE), 11436 (DUKE)
Usnea mutabilis Stirton – C: Hodkinson 700 (DUKE), 705 (DUKE), 1838 (NY); M: Hermann 15153 (DUKE)
Usnea
pensylvanica Mot. – C: Hodkinson 1328 (NY), 2250 (DUKE), Britton 01April1893 (NY); P: Hale 14611 (DUKE); M: Harris 10652 (NY), Culberson 11375 (DUKE), 11395 (DUKE)
Usnea strigosa (Ach.) Eaton – C: Hodkinson 394 (DUKE), 921 (DUKE), 1452 (DUKE), Reed 139464A (NY), 141968 (NY); P: Harris 36645 (NY); M: Harris 9952
(NY), Leonard 16369 (NY), Leeming 12June1892 (NY)
Usnea subfloridana Stirton – M: Culberson 11501 (DUKE), Harris 54125 (NY)
Usnea
subfusca Stirton – M: Allard 9779 (US), Reed 79295 (NY)
Usnea
subgracilis Vainio – M: Buck 28354 (NY), Culberson 11396
(DUKE), Guccion 1081 (NY)
Usnea subscabrosa
Nyl. ex Mot. – C: Reed 9094 (NY),
128050 (NY); M: Hodkinson 8956
(NY), Reed 67584B (NY)
Usnea trichodea
Ach. – C: Reed 46168 (NY), 46162 (diffractaic acid chemotype; NY)
Verrucaria
calkinsiana Servít – C: Hodkinson 1293 (DUKE); M: Harris 12871 (NY)
Vouauxiella
lichenicola (Lindsay) Petrak & H.
Sydow*‡ – M: Slaughter _1975-76 (on Lecanora hybocarpa; filed under Lecanora caesiorubella, site 3; EIU)
Vulpicida viridis
(Schwein.) J.-E. Mattsson & M. J. Lai – P: Reed 59650 (NY)
Xanthomendoza fallax (Hepp ex Arnold) Søchting,
Kärnefelt & S. Kondr. – C: Hodkinson 1187 (DUKE)
Xanthomendoza weberi (S.
Kondr. & Kärnefelt) L. Lindblom – C: Hodkinson 1490 (DUKE),
1539 (NY), 1747
(DUKE); P: Guccion 1082 (NY)
Xanthoparmelia
angustiphylla (Gyelnik) Hale – M: SNP 87, 97
Xanthoparmelia conspersa (Ehrh.
ex Ach.) Hale – M: Harris 12992
(NY), 36790 (NY), Culberson 11308
(DUKE)
Xanthoparmelia cumberlandia (Gyelnik)
Hale – M: Harris 26914 (NY), Buck 20665 (NY)
Xanthoparmelia hypofusca (Gyelnik) Hodkinson & Lendemer ined.‡ [=
X. tasmanica auct. Amer., see Hodkinson & Lendemer (in review)] – M: Harris 13005 (NY)
Xanthoparmelia hypomelaena
(Hale) Hale – P: Hale 30683 (US)
Xanthoparmelia plittii
(Gyelnik) Hale – C: Hodkinson 2444
(DUKE); M: Culberson 11336
(DUKE), Harris 26923 (NY), SNP 19, 20
Xanthoparmelia viriduloumbrina (Gyelnik) Lendemer – M: Harris 36710 (NY)
Xanthoria elegans
(Link) Th. Fr. – M: Hale & Poelt
_1970 (GZU)
Acknowledgements
The authors would
like to thank James Lendemer for examining numerous specimens and for providing
valuable comments and contributions to this manuscript, Sarah Hodkinson for
assistance with collecting, processing, and databasing of specimens, Jolanta
Miadlikowska for verifying Peltigera
specimens, Phyllis Ihrman (whose cited specimens were all collected in
Shenandoah National Park), John G. Guccion, Gary Perlmutter, and Thomas F.
Wieboldt for providing specimens representing several new records, and all of
those involved with the Forest Health Management Project, the Shenandoah
National Park Rock Outcrop Management Project (esp. Wendy Cass), and the 2008
Blomquist Bryological and Lichenological Foray (esp. Fred Huber and Mike
Donahue) for helping with crucial data collection. Thanks are also due to Heather
M. Wiseman for assisting with field work and Irwin M. Brodo for support and
training through his lichen identification class at the Humboldt Field Research
Institute. Gratitude is extended to Connie Robertson and Molly McMullen for
their assistance in the preparation, storage, and databasing of specimens. The
authors also thank Suzanne Joneson, Cécile Gueidan, Tami McDonald, and François
Lutzoni for examining specimens, Gregory McKee and Rusty Russell for assistance
with US collections, and Chicita Culberson for instruction in thin layer
chromatography. Thanks must be extended to the numerous collectors that have
generously deposited their specimens in various herbaria, making them
accessible for examination as part of this project. Support for this research
was provided by a grant to the College of William and Mary from the Howard
Hughes Medical Institute Undergraduate Science Education Program. Funding was
also provided by the William and Mary Charles Center and an Adkins Arboretum
Botanical Research Award to BPH.
REFERENCES
Ahti, T. & S. Hyvönen. 1985. Cladina stygia, a common, overlooked species of reindeer lichen. Annales
Botanici Fennici 22: 223-229.
Allard, H. A. 1939. The aquatic lichen Hydrothyria
venosa Russell in Virginia. Claytonia 5: 4-5.
Allard, H. A. 1940. "Iceland moss", Cetraria
islandica in Virginia. Virginia Journ.
Sci. 1: 17-25.
Allard, H. A. 1957. Occurrence of the lichen Cetraria
islandica Ach. in Virginia and West
Virginia. Castanea 22(2): 106-109.
Allard, H. A. & E. C. Leonard. 1944a. The Cladoniae of Bull Run
Mountain, Virginia. Castanea 9: 81-100.
Allard, H. A. & E. C. Leonard. 1944b. Additions to the flora of Bull
Run Mountain, Virginia. Castanea 9:
130-134.
Alstrup, V. 1991. Variation in Placidiopsis minor as shown by a specimen from Greenland. Lichenologist 23(1): 89 - 92.
Amtoft, A. 2002. Pyxine subcinerea in the Eastern United States. Bryol. 105: 270-272.
Amtoft, A., F. Lutzoni & J. Miadlikowska. 2008.
Dermatocarpon (Verrucariaceae) in the
Ozark Highlands, North America. Bryol.
111: 1-40.
ASU. Arizona State University Lichen Herbarium Online Database. http://seinet.asu.edu/seinet/collections/selection.jsp
Blake, S. F. 1957. Review of the genus Cladonia in the District of Columbia and vicinity. Rhodora 59(699): 56-61.
Bowler, P.A. & P.W. Rundel. 1974. The Ramalina intermedia Complex in North America. Bryol. 77(4): 617-623.
Brodo, I. M. 1984. The North American species of the Lecanora subfusca group. Nova Hedwigia, Beiheft 79: 63-185.
Brodo, I. M. 2009. Calvitimela talayana (Ascomycotina, Lecanorales), an interesting disjunction in
North America. Opuscula Philolichenum 7: 1-6.
Brodo, I. M., S. D. Sharnoff, & S.
Sharnoff. 2001. Lichens of North America.
New Haven: Yale University Press.
Clerc, P. & M. Herrera-Campos. 1997. Saxicolous species of Usnea subgenus Usnea (Lichenized Ascomycetes) in North America. Bryol. 100: 281-301.
Culberson, W. L. 1965a. Cetraria chicitae, a new and widely distributed lichen species. Bryol. 68: 95-99.
Culberson, W. L. 1965b. The Foliose and Fruticose Lichens of the Environs
of
Mountain Lake, Giles County, Virginia. Castanea 30: 96-104.
Culberson, W. L. & C. Culberson. 1968. The lichen genera Cetrelia and Platismatia (Parmeliaceae). Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herbarium 34 (7): 449-558.
Culberson, W. L. & C. F. Culberson. 1978. Cetrelia cetrarioides and C. monachorum (Parmeliaceae) in the New World. Bryol. 81: 517-523.
Culberson, W. L. & M. E. Hale. 1965. Pyxine caesiopruinosa in the United States. Bryol. 68: 113-116.
Degelius, G. 1974. The lichen genus Collema with special reference to the extra-European species. Symb. Bot. Ups. 20(2): 1-215.
Dey, J. P. 1978. Fruticose and foliose lichens of the high-mountain areas of the southern Appalachians. Bryol. 81: 1 - 93.
Dibben, M. 1980. The chemosystematics of the
lichen genus Pertusaria in North
America north of Mexico. Milwaukee Public Museum, Biol. 5: 1-162.
Diederich, P. 2007. New or interesting lichenicolous heterobasidiomycetes. Opuscula Philolichenum 4: 11-22.
Eckfeldt, J. W. 1894. Lichenes, in: J. K. Small & A. M. Vail, Report
of the Botanical Exploration of Southwestern Virginia during the season of
1892. Mem. Torrey Botan. Club 4:
196-200.
Egan, R. S., R. Harms & T. Wilhelm. 2005. Studies on the lichen Parmotrema
rigidum s. lat. from North and South
America. Bryol. 108(3): 402-405.
Ekman, S. 1996. The corticolous and lignicolous species of Bacidia and Bacidina in North America. Opera Botanica 127: 1-148.
Esslinger, T. L. 2009. A cumulative checklist for the
lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi of the continental United States
and Canada. North Dakota State University:
http://www.ndsu.edu/pubweb/~esslinge/chcklst/chcklst7.htm
(First Posted 1 December 1997, Most Recent Version (#15)
27 August 2009), Fargo, North
Dakota.
Fahselt, D. 1976. Prothallal lichen substances in two species of crustose
lichens, Fuscidea cyathoides and Rhizocarpon
geographicum. Canad. J. Bot. 54: 1742-1749.
Fink, B. 1935. The Lichen Flora of the United States. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. 426 pp.
Fleming, G. P. & P. P. Coulling. 2001. Ecological communities of the George Washington and Jefferson National Forests, Virginia: preliminary classification and description of types. Natural Heritage Technical Report 01-14. Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Natural Heritage, Richmond, Virginia. Unpublished report submitted to the USDA Forest Service. 372 pp.
Forman, R. & H. Sierk. 1970. Bryophytes and lichens of the Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, collected on the 1966 foray of the American Bryological Society. Bryol. 73: 82-92.
Fryday, A. M. 2008. The genus Fuscidea (Fuscideaceae, lichenized Ascomycota) in North America. Lichenologist 40(4): 295-328.
Gowan, S. P. 1989. The lichen genus Porpidia (Porpidiaceae) in North America. Bryol. 92: 25-59.
Gronovius, J. F. 1739. Flora Virginica. Lugd. Batav.
Hafellner, J. 1979. Karschia. Revision einer Sammel- gattung an der Grenze von lichenisierten und nichtli- chenisierten Ascomyceten. Nova Hedwigia 62: 1-248.
Hafellner, J. 2001. Studies in lichenicolous fungi and lichens XII: on the genus Trematosphaeriopsis (Dothideales). Mycotaxon 80: 381-387.
Hale, M E. 1970. Lichenes Americani Exsiccati. Schedae for Fasc. IV and V.
Hale, M. E. 1971. Parmelia squarrosa, a new species in section Parmelia. Phytologia 22: 29.
Hale, M. E. 1972. Parmelia pustulifera, a new lichen from southeastern United States. Brittonia 24: 22-27.
Hale, M. E. 1974. Lichenes Americani Exsiccati. Schedae for Fasc. VI.
Hale, M. E. 1975. Hypotrachyna showmanii, a new lichen from eastern North America. Bryol. 79: 78-80.
Hale, M. E. & S. Kurokawa. 1964. Studies on Parmelia subgenus Parmelia. Contrib. U. S. Herb. 36(4): 121-191.
Harris, R. C. 1979. The genus Placidiopsis Beltr. (lichenized ascomycetes) new to North America as Placidiopsis
minor sp. nov. Michigan Botanist 18: 57-58.
Harris, R. C. 1992. Cladonia petrophila, a New Species from Eastern North America. Brittonia 44(3): 326-330.
Harris, R. C. & D. Ladd. 2005. Preliminary Draft: Ozark Lichens.
Enumerating the Lichens of the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas, Illinois, Kansas,
Missouri, and Oklahoma. Prepared for the 14th Tuckerman Lichen Workshop, Eureka
Springs, Arkansas.
Harris, R. C. & D. Ladd. 2008. The lichen genus Chrysothrix in the Ozark Ecoregion, including a preliminary
treatment for eastern and central North America. Opuscula
Philolichenum 5: 29-42.
Heidmarsson, S. 2003. Molecular study of Dermatocarpon miniatum (Verrucariales) and allied taxa. Mycol.
Res. 107(4): 459 - 468.
HERBESS. Lichen Herbarium at the University Duisburg-Essen Online Database.
http://www.uni-essen.de/botanik/herbbot.htm
Hinds, J. 1998. Lichen flora of eastern North America: The genus Parmelia sensu stricto. Lichenogr. Thomsoniana 53-69.
Hodkinson, B. P. 2005. The lichen flora of the Williamsburg, Virginia, area. Honors Thesis. College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA.
Hodkinson, B. P. 2010. A first assessment of lichen diversity in one of North America's 'biodiversity hotspots' in the mountains of Virginia. Castanea.
Hodkinson, B. P. & J. C. Lendemer. In review. Molecular analyses reveal semi-cryptic species in Xanthoparmelia tasmanica (Parmeliaceae). Bibliotheca Lichenologica.
Hodkinson, B. P. & F. Lutzoni. 2009. A microbiotic survey of lichen-associated bacteria reveals a new lineage from the Rhizobiales. Symbiosis 49: 163-180.
Hodkinson, B. P. & M. A. Case. 2008. A lichen survey of Williamsburg,
Virginia. Banisteria 31: 24-30.
Ihlen, P. G.
1998. The lichenicolous
fungi on species of the genera Baeomyces, Dibaeis,
and Icmadophila in Norway. Lichenologist 30: 27–57.
Imshaug, H. A. 1951. The lichen-forming species of the genus Buellia occurring in the United States and Canada. Ph.D
Thesis, University of Michigan.
Jørgensen, P. M. 2000. Survey of the lichen family Pannariaceae on the
American continent, north of Mexico. Bryol.
103(4): 670-704.
Kärnefelt, I. 1979. The brown fruticose species of Cetraria. Opera Botanica 46: 1-150.
Knudsen, K. 2006. Acarospora obpallens (Nyl. ex Hasse) Zahlbr. in the southeastern United States. Evansia 23(1): 9–10.
Kurokawa, S. 2001. Taxonomic notes on Parmelia reparata (Parmeliaceae, Lichenes) and the related species. Bulletin
of the National Science Museum, Series B
[Tokyo] 27(1): 1-10.
Lawrey, J. 1980. Correlations between lichen secondary chemistry and grazing activity by Pallifera varia. Bryol. 83: 328-334.
Lawrey, J. D. 1981. Evidence for competitive release in simplified
saxicolous lichen communities. American Journal of Botany 68: 1066-1073.
Lawrey, J. 1984. Lichens as air pollution monitors in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia. Unpublished report to NPS Denver.
Lawrey, J. & M. Hale. 1981. Retrospective study of lichen lead accumulation in the northeastern United States. Bryol. 84: 449-456.
Lawrey, J. & M. Hale. 1988. Lichen evidence for changes in atmospheric pollution in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia. Bryol. 91: 21-23.
Lawrey, J. D. 1991. The species-area curve as an index of disturbance in
saxicolous lichen communities. Bryol.
94(4): 377-382.
Lawrey, J. D. 1993. Lichens as monitors of pollutant elements at permanent sites in Maryland and Virginia. Bryol. 96(3): 339-341.
Lendemer, J. C. 2004. Lichens of Eastern North
America Exsiccati, Fascicle III, nos. 101-150. Opuscula Philolichenum 1: 41-54.
Lendemer, J. C. 2009. Pertusaria andersonii (Pertusariaceae, Lichenized Ascomcyetes), a new species from high
elevations of the southern Appalachian Mountains in
eastern North America. Opuscula
Philolichenum 6: 55-58.
Lendemer, J. C. & B. P. Hodkinson. 2009a. Stretching the boundaries: A range extension for Buellia wheeleri R.C. Harris. Evansia 26(4): 172-176.
Lendemer, J. C. & B. P. Hodkinson. 2009b. The Wisdom of Fools: new molecular and morphological insights into the North American apodetiate species of Cladonia. Opuscula Philolichenum 7: 79-100.
Lendemer, J. C. & B. P. Hodkinson. In press. A new perspective on Punctelia subrudecta in North America: Previously-rejected morphological characters corroborate molecular phylogenetic evidence and provide insight into an old problem. Lichenologist.
Lendemer, J. C., J.
Kocourkova & K. Knudsen. In press. Studies in lichens and lichenicolous
fungi: more notes on taxa from North America. Mycotaxon.
Lindblom, L. 1997. The genus Xanthoria
(Fr.) Th. Fr. in North America. Journal of the Hattori Botanical
Laboratory 83: 75-172.
Lindblom, L. 2006. Xanthomendoza galericulata, a new sorediate lichen species, with notes on
similar species in North America. Bryol. 109: 1-8.
Llano, G. 1950. A monograph of the lichen family Umbilicariaceae in the Western Hemisphere. Office of Naval Research, Navexos P-831.
Luttrell, E. S. 1954. The Cladoniaceae of Virginia. Lloydia 17(4): 275-306.
NPLICHEN: Lichens of the National Parks. Shenandoah National Park
Lichen List.
http://www.ies.wisc.edu/nplichen/park.php?park=Shenandoah
OSC. Oregon State University Mycological Collection Online Database.
http://ocid.nacse.org/research/herbarium/myco/mycoPhp/webflora/index.php
Patterson, P. 1940. Bryophytic succession on boulders in the Mountain
Lake area, Giles County, Virginia. Va. J. Sci. 1: 5-17.
Patterson, P. 1941. Corticolous bryophyte societies at Mountain Lake,
Virginia. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 23:
421-441.
SBBG. Santa Barbara Botanic Garden Lichen Herbarium Online Database. http://seinet.asu.edu/seinet/collections/selection.jsp
Schwartzman, D., M. Kasim, L. Stieff & J. H. Johnson, Jr. 1987.
Quantitative monitoring of airborne lead pollution by a foliose lichen. Water,
Air, and Soil Pollution 32: 363-378.
Sheard, J. 1974. The genus Dimelaena in North America north of Mexico. Bryol. 77: 128-141.
Slaughter, M. L. 1977. A taxonomic study of the lichen flora at the Peaks of Otter natural area along the Blue Ridge Parkway, Bedford County, Virginia. Masters Thesis, Eastern Illinois University.
SMNH. Swedish Museum of Natural History Cryptogamic Herbarium Online Database. http://andor.nrm.se/fmi/xsl/kbo/publFindspecies.xsl?-view&-db=kbo_svampregister&-token.languagecode=en-GB
Stein, B. A., L. S. Kutner and J. S. Adams (eds.). 2000. Precious heritage: the status of biodiversity in the United States. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
Thomson, J. 1950. The species of Peltigera of North America north of Mexico. Amer. Midl. Nat. 44: 1-68.
Thomson, J. 1963. The lichen genus Physcia in North America. Nova Hedwigia, Beiheft 7, viii + 172.
Timdal, E. 1986. A revision of Psora (Lecideaceae) in North America. Bryol. 89: 253-275.
Tucker, S. C. 1979. New or noteworthy records of lichens from Louisiana. Bryol. 82: 125-140.
Wetmore, C. 1983. Lichens of the air quality Class 1 National Parks. Report submitted to National Park Service, Air Quality Division, Denver. 158pp.
Wetmore, C. 2004. The sorediate corticolous species of Caloplaca
in North and Central America. Bryol. 107: 505-520.
________________________________________________________________________
Last Updated: 05 January 2010
Maintained by: Brendan Hodkinson
If you have any records worth examining or see any potential errors please contact me at bph8@duke.edu. Thanks for visiting the site!
-Brendan