Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)

Plantae>Magnoliophyta>Magnoliopsida>Hamamelidales>Hamamelidaceae>Liquidambar styraciflua L.

Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) leaves

One of our most common and familiar trees. This early successional tree often associates with Tuliptree (Liriodendron tulipifera). The star-shaped leaves have a pleasant, sweet fragrance when crushed.

Durham Co., NC 9/10/02.

Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) fall leaves

Sweetgum leaves turn a spectacular range of colors in the fall, from bright yellow to purplish-black.

Chapel Hill, NC 11/13/05.

Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) flowers

Male inflorescence (above) with expanding female inflorescence and old fruit ball from last year hanging below .

Durham, NC 3/28/07.

Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) balls

The spiky ball fruits are unique.

Durham Co., NC 12/4/05.

Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) corky wings

Twigs often (but not always) have corky wings.

Durham Co., NC 9/10/02.

Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) bark

Bark of young trees is mostly smooth but often has warty projections.

Durham Co., NC 9/10/02.

Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) bark

Bark of a medium-sized tree.

Orange Co., NC 9/20/02.

Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) bark

Bark of a medium-sized tree.

Durham, NC 3/28/07.

Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) bark

Bark of a large tree. The bark becomes more ridged with maturity.

Durham Co., NC 12/4/05.

Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) tree

Large tree.

Molecular studies have shown that Liquidambar isn't closely related to Hamamelis and is better placed in the Altingiaceae instead of the Hamamelidaceae.

Durham Co., NC 12/4/05.

More information:
NC State Fact Sheet
Silvics Manual
Trees of Alabama and the Southeast
Virginia Tech Dendrology
USDA PLANTS

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Revised 4/7/07 cwcook@duke.edu

All photographs and text ©2007 by Will Cook unless otherwise indicated.